Liore et Olivier LeO 21
Страна: Франция
Год: 1926


Военно-транспортный самолет для перевозки 14 военнослужащих
Описание:
Liore-et-Olivier LeO 21
Flight, December 1926
The Paris Aero Show 1926
Фотографии

Liore-et-Olivier LeO 21

Оба авиалайнера LeO 21 совершили первый полет в августе 1926 года, а в течение следующего лета они поступили в эксплуатацию на линию Лондон - Париж. Сохранив в целом конфигурацию LeO 20, новый LeO 21 отличался более широким фюзеляжем, рассчитанным на шесть пассажиров в носовой кабине и на 12 пассажиров в основной кабине. Второй LeO 21 после установки двигателей Renault 12Ja V-12 мощностью 450 л. с. и оборудования салона-ресторана получил обозначение LeO 212 и позиционировался компанией "Wagons-Lits" в качестве "самолета, в котором можно обедать".
   Первый LeO 21 в 1929 году переоборудовали - передняя кабина теперь была предназначена для перевозки почты и багажа - машина получила обозначение LeO 211, а самолет, получивший в 1931 году двигатели Renault, стал обозначаться как LeO 213. LeO 21S - медицинский вариант, построенный в единственном экземпляре и рассчитанный на перевозку 10 носилочных раненых с одним сопровождающим.
   В 1928 году в воздух поднялся первый построенный "с нуля" LeO 213, оснащенный двигателями Renault. После шести лет регулярной эксплуатации самолет был потерян 31 мая 1934 года во время перевозки почты по маршруту в Кройдон. Были построены еще 10 самолетов LeO 213, которые использовались на линиях из Парижа в Лондон, Лион, Марсель и Женеву. В сравнении с LeO 21 данные самолеты имели бипланную коробку с крыльями большей площади, три багажных отсека и улучшенную шумоизоляцию кабины. Часть машин была модифицирована для ночных полетов и получила обозначение LeO 213N, а один самолет в 1931 году переоборудовали в грузовой вариант.
   В августе 1934 года ВВС Франции приобрели девять находившихся в годном к полетам состоянии самолетов LeO 213. Они были переоборудованы в транспортные самолеты - вдоль бортов были установлены скамьи - и переобозначены как LeO 214. Позднее самолеты стали использовать для подготовки парашютистов, машины дислоцировались в Фезе, Марокко, и были списаны в 1939 году.


ТАКТИКО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ
  
   Liore-et-Olivier 214

   Тип: военно-транспортный самолет для перевозки 14 военнослужащих
   Силовая установка: два ПД Renault 12Ja V-12 мощностью по 450 л. с. (336 кВт)
   Летные характеристики: максимальная скорость 190 км/ч; практический потолок 4500 м; дальность 560 км
   Масса: пустого снаряженного 3440 кг; максимальная взлетная 5700 кг
   Размеры: размах крыльев бипланной коробки 23,03 м; длина 15,55 м; высота 4,50 м; площадь крыльев 108 м2

Flight, December 1926

The Paris Aero Show 1926

LIORE ET OLIVIER

   THE Etablissements Liore et Olivier will probably be the only French firm to have a stand devoid of any military aeroplane, their exhibit consisting of a LeO 21 Transport Aeroplane (two 420 h.p. Gnome-Rhone Jupiter engines) and a LeO H.190 Transport Seaplane (420 h.p. Gnome-Rhone Jupiter engine). A scale model of the LeO H.15 Transport Seaplane fitted with three Jupiter engines, which took part in the recent commercial seaplane competition at Saint-Raphael (Var), will also be shown.

   The LeO 21 Transport Aeroplane.- The LeO 21 Transport Aeroplane, several of which will shortly be placed on the Paris-London service of the Air Union, is a twin tractor biplane of conventional construction, but of high performance. This machine differs only in its equipment from the LeO 20 three-seater night bomber, which was recently adopted by the French Military Air Service after a competition in which several constructors participated.
   The framing of the LeO 21 is of duralumin. The cabin is particularly large and accommodates in a forward compartment six passengers, and in an after compartment twelve passengers. The pilot's cockpit, which is fitted with dual control and wireless telephony and telegraphy, is situated between the two passenger compartments. The freight holds have independent means of access.
   Both the tail plane and the vertical fin incorporate an adjustable incidence gear, which may be controlled in flight from the pilot's cockpit, to allow for different trimmings.
   The engine mounting takes either the 420 h.p. Jupiter or the 480 h.p. Renault engines. The engines are started by a Jupiter servo-motor.
   Specification.- Engines: two 420 h.p. Gnome-Rhone Jupiter. Span: 22-76 m. Length: 15-40 m. Height: 4-30 m. Wing area: 106-5 sq. m. Weight, empty: 2,690 kg. Fuel load: 800 kg. Crew: 160 kg. Wireless set: 50 kg. Commercial load: 1,800 kg. Weight, loaded: 5,500 kg. Maximum speed, sea level: 192 km. per hour. Range in still air: 800 km.
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   The second machine exhibited on this stand was the LeO 21 commercial aeroplane, which is fitted with two Jupiter engines. This machine is somewhat reminiscent of the Farman Goliaths, what with its square wing tips and its forward cabin projecting a long distance ahead of the wings. We understand that several of these machines will shortly be placed on the London-Paris service of the Air Union. It might here be mentioned that this machine is a slightly modified version of the LeO 20 three-seater night bomber, recently adopted by the French Military Air Service. An unusual feature of the machine is that the undercarriage consists of two entirely independent units, one being placed under each engine, in a forked structure with the wheel partially enclosed in a large mudguard. The cabin is divided by the pilot's cockpit into two separate compartments, of which the rear one accommodates 12 passengers and the forward one six passengers. This cabin arrangement is partly illustrated by a sketch.
Авиакомпания "Air Union" окрасила свои LeO 213 в золотой, красный и белый цвета, присвоив им название "Le Rayon d'Or" ("Золотой луч").
The 8-passenger 105-m.p.h. Liore-Olivier Golden Ray (1922);
F-AIFE in Golden Ray livery, with nose baggage door and navigation lights. LeO 212 is painted on the rudder.
The prototype Liore and Olivier LeO 21 commercial aeroplane with two "Jupiter" engines as originally built with stub exhausts and centre section struts.
F-AIZN, LeO 213 No 4 at Le Bourget.
F-AIFD Capitaine Ferber at Croydon in 1928, with fuselage-wing gap fairings. Although it has Jupiter engines it bears LeO 212 on the rudder.
The Liore and Olivier LeO 21 is a twin-engined commercial biplane with two "Jupiter" engines.
Another view of F-AIFD at Croydon.
THE "GOLDEN RAY" AIR PULLMAN SERVICE: The Air Union have recently introduced a new Pullman Air Service between London and Paris, known as the "Golden Ray." It is operated by new types of aircraft, shown here, which completes the journey in about 2 hrs. 10 mins. - 30 mins. faster than hitherto. The machine shown is the Liore and Olivier 21 fitted with two 500 h.p. geared Renault engines.
Loading baggage into an unidentified LeO 213.
F-AJBE, LeO 213 No 6, after a forced landing near Kenley in January 1931.
The "Golden Ray" - the new fast Air Union Service to Paris
An unidentified LeO 213 in flight.
The prototype LeO 21, F-AIFD, flying near Croydon.
A typical view of Croydon in the 1930s, with the famous terminal building dominating the scene. On the apron, left to right, are a Fokker F.III, Rohrbach Roland, Liore et Olivier 21, Handley Page W8b and Handley Page W10.
Marseilles - Madagascar: The Liore and Olivier LeO H.190, with "Jupiter" engine, was the type used in the flight across Africa. Behind the machine may be seen the tail of the large LeO 21 twin-engined commercial aeroplane.
The cabin of the Liore and Olivier LeO 21 is partly divided by the pilot's cockpit. The same door in the starboard side gives access to both sections of the cabin.
AN AERIAL RESTAURANT: An interior view of the cabin of one of the Air Union machines (two Bristol "Jupiters") fitted up as a dining car. It is in daily service (Sundays excepted) on the London-Paris route, and on the Paris-London trip a four course hot luncheon is served, tea being served on the London-Paris flight. Seating (or "eating") accommodation is provided for 12 passengers, and the kitchen is located in the nose. The catering arrangements are carried out by the Cie Internationale des Wagons-Lits, whose steward is on board to attend to passengers.
The restaurant version of the LeO 21, looking aft.
Capt Raymond des Fives and Roger L. Huillier died in this LeO 213 after it crashed at Wallington near Croydon on May 31, 1934.
KEITH WOODCOCK'S painting depicts Air Union's LeO 213 Golden Ray F-AIVG. This aircraft was destroyed when it hit a radio mast after taking off from Croydon.