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  • With tailplane and foreplane leading edges up, this Sukhoi Su-27K is deriving favourable trim for high lift in its landing configuration.

    Самолёты на фотографии: Сухой Су-27К / Су-33 - Россия - 1985

  • Although most of the lift is derived from the wing, the forebody (especially with strokes) and centrebody also contribute. Vortices generated at incidence, by the F-16’s leading-edge extension, (seen here during a high-g manoeuvre) interact with the wing leading edge vortex and increase the wing lift.

    Самолёты на фотографии: General Dynamics F-16B/D Fighting Falcon - США - 1977

  • The predecessor Mirage III, with natural stability, loses lift due to the upwards deflected flaperons needed to trim.

    Самолёты на фотографии: Dassault Mirage III - Франция - 1956

  • The relaxed longitudinal stability of the Mirage 2000 allows the wing trailing edge flaperons to be neutral during the landing approach.

    Самолёты на фотографии: Dassault Mirage 2000 - Франция - 1978

  • With foreplane deflected fully nose down and wing trailing edge flaperons fully up, the Saab Gripen's landing run is much reduced, without recourse to a braking 'chute. Braking effectiveness is increased due to download on the undercarriage. Aerodynamic drag is provided by the ‘barn door’ foreplane.

    Самолёты на фотографии: SAAB Gripen / JAS-39A/C - Швеция - 1988

  • A large tailplane deflection (leading edge down) is needed to achieve and trim the high angle of attack required by the Grumman F-14 Tomcat as it comes off the catapult, full of fuel and at a relatively low speed.

    Самолёты на фотографии: Grumman F-14 Tomcat - США - 1970

  • One of the main benefits of the foreplane delta, such as that adopted for the Eurofighter Typhoon, is that it offers especially high supersonic agility. With a suitably positioned centre of gravity, it can also provide particularly high subsonic turn rates.

    Самолёты на фотографии: Eurofighter Typhoon / EF-2000 - International - 1994

  • All variable sweep wing aircraft, with high lift flap systems, inevitably employed aft tails. A typical example is the Grumman F-111, the EF-111 electronic warfare variant of which is seen here in formation with the aircraft displaying its full range of wing sweep angles.

    Самолёты на фотографии: Grumman EF-111 Raven - США - 1977

  • This wind tunnel model of the Eurofighter concept demonstrator EAP, shows the favourable foreplane/wing flowfield interaction.

    Самолёты на фотографии: BAe EAP - Великобритания - 1986

  • A Saab Viggen touching down. The large flap deflection necessary on the foreplane to trim is clearly seen on this canard delta which lacks relaxed stability.

    Самолёты на фотографии: SAAB Viggen / AJ.37 - Швеция - 1967