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Страна : США

Год : 1939

Одноместный истребитель и истребитель-бомбардировщик

Авиаколлекция Истребители 1939-1945

P-39 Airacobra

Одномоторный одноместный истребитель, цельнометаллический моноплан с закрытой кабиной и убирающимся трехколесным шасси с носовой стойкой. Своеобразная компоновка с расположением двигателя V-1710 за кабиной пилота. Спроектирован в КБ фирмы "Белл эйркрафт корпорейшн" под руководством Р.Вудса и Х.Пойера. Первый полет опытный образец XP-39 совершил 6 апреля 1939 г. Серийное производство началось на заводе "Белл" в Ниагара-Фоллз в январе 1941 г. Всего выпущено 9584 P-39. Самолет состоял на вооружении в США с января 1941 г., в Великобритании - с сентября 1941 г., в СССР - с декабря 1941 г., в Австралии - с июля 1942 г., в Италии - с мая 1944 г. Кроме того, с мая 1943 г. P-39 получили авиачасти "Свободной Франции".
Основные серийные модификации:
   - "Эйракобра" I (первоначально "Карибу" I), экспортный вариант для Великобритании, часть машин реквизирована ВВС армии США и использовалась как P-400, вооружение: 1x20+ 2x12,7+4x2,62, мотор V-1710-E4;
   - P-39C, первый серийный вариант для США, мотор V-1710-35, вооружение 1x20+4x7,62+2x12,7;
   - P-39D с мотором V-1710-35 (D-2 с V-1710-63), вооружение 1x20+4x7,62+ 2x12,7 или 1x37+4x7,62+2x12,7 (у варианта D-2);
   - P-39F, аналог P-39D с другим винтом;
   - P-39J с мотором V-1710-59, вооружение 1x37+2x12,7+4x7,62;
   - P-39K с мотором V-1710-63;
   - P-39L, вариант P-39K с другим винтом;
   - P-39M с мотором V-1710-83;
   - P-39N с мотором V-1710-85, на поздних сериях увеличено количество бензобаков, усовершенствована бронезащита, новое радиооборудование;
   - P-39Q с мотором V-1710-85 и вооружением 1x37+4x12,7.
Первое боевое применение - американцами в марте 1942 г. на Новой Каледонии, с мая - на Новой Гвинее. В СССР - с июня 1942 г. на Воронежском фронте и далее повсеместно до конца войны. В Великобритании - недолго, в конце 1941 г.
Американская авиация применяла их с июня 1942 г. в Европе, с января 1943 г. - в Северной Африке. ВВС армии США использовали P-39 в боях в Италии в 1944 г. В Австралии их использовали в системе ПВО северной части страны в ноябре-декабре 1943г.
Применялся как многоцелевой истребитель, истребитель-бомбардировщик, топмачтовик, тактический разведчик, штурмовик.
Снят с производства в сентябре 1944г.
Снят с вооружения в США в апреле 1944 г., в Великобритании - в декабре 1941 г., в Италии - в июне 1945 г., во Франции - в 1947 г. В СССР отдельные машины дожили до 1952 - 1953 гг.
  

P-39Q||
Размах:||10,36 м
Длина:||9,19 м
Моторы, количество х мощность:||1x1200 л.с.
Взлетная масса, максимальная:||4014 кг
Максимальная скорость:||612 км/ч
Практический потолок:||10700 м
Дальность:||1040 км

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Описание:

  • Авиаколлекция Истребители 1939-1945
  • Bell Model 11 (P-39 Airacobra)
  • Russian Aviation Museum
  • Flight, May 1941
    THE BELL CARIBOU
  • Air-Britain Aeromilitaria 1997-03 / R.A.F. Airacobras

    Another view, from the opposite end of the line taken on 8 November 1941.

  • Air Enthusiast 1971-08 / ??? - The Calamitous 'Cobra

    The thirteen Airacobra Is of No 601 Squadron were displayed to the press at Duxford in October 1941 - after the aircraft had been withdrawn from operations because of problems with the compass, armament and generally low serviceability. Flame damping exhausts had been fitted at this stage.

  • Flight 1941-12 / Flight

    MIND MY TRIKE! Bell Airacobras, with their tricycle undercarriages, are now in full operation with the R.A.F. Here is an impressive line-up at a station in England.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1976-05 / L.Hunt - The Millionaires' mob (2)
    Регистрационный номер: AH585

    The ground crews of 601 Squadron pose with their new charges, Bell Airacobras, late in 1941. Note the starter trolleys, rear-mounted engines, nose cannon and highly unorthodox positioning of the Squadron emblem on the white rudder stripe. Their first operational flight was made on October 9, 1941.

  • Flight 1941-10 / Flight

    LATEST ACQUISITION. A squadron oi Airacobras lined up on an R.A.F. aerodrome and ready for action.

  • Air-Britain Aeromilitaria 1997-03 / R.A.F. Airacobras

    Airacobras of No. 601 Squadron lined up at Duxford during a visit by the Under Secretary of State for Air and the American Ambassador on 8 November 1941. Note the illegal squadron identification marking on the fin flashes.

  • Flight 1941-10 / Flight

    THREE-POINTER. Nose-wheel undercarriage greatly simplifies landing, and here an R.A.F. pilot is seen making a perfect three-pointer of the new sort with flaps well down.

  • Flight 1941-08 / Flight

    CARIBOUS ARE COMING: Here is the first picture of a Bell Caribou with R.A.F. markings, just about to take off, with flaps partially lowered to increase lift. Note the nose wheel and the exhaust stubs of the "midships" Allison.
    The Bell Airacobra has its engine amidships for three very good reasons.

  • Flight 1941-10 / Flight

    With flaps partially lowered to increase lift, the Airacobra gets off briskly.

  • Flight 1941-10 / Flight

    THE SIGN OF THE WINGED SWORD: Students of the R.A.F. heraldry may recognise the squadron marking on the fin of this Bell Airacobra. This American single-seater fighter is credited with a maximum speed of 400 m.p.h. at operational height.

  • Flight 1941-12 / Flight

    Home Defence Bell Airacobra of Fighter Command above the clouds.

  • Air-Britain Aeromilitaria 1997-03 / R.A.F. Airacobras
    Регистрационный номер: AH577

    THE SNAKE IN THE AIR: Bell Airacobras are arriving in quantity and are in operational service with the R.A.F. Armament consists of a cannon firing through the airscrew hub, two machine guns in the body and four machine guns in the wings.
    Airacobra AH577 was used for aircraft recognition shots

  • Flight 1941-09 / Flight

    THE AIRACOBRA is now reaching Britain from U.S.A. Though primarily a fighter, its heavy 37 mm. shell-gun may qualify it for ground attack duties against tanks. It is said to have eight machine guns as well.

  • Air Enthusiast 1971-08 / ??? - The Calamitous 'Cobra

    Despite its deficiencies as a fighting machine, the Airacobra was pleasant to fly and was regarded by most British pilots as an advanced type with its tricycle undercarriage and other “modern" features.

  • Aviation Historian 30 / K.Hayward - Decline & Fall
    Регистрационный номер: AH573   [3]

    Originally to be called Caribou in RAF service, the P-39, or P-400 as the export version was designated by Bell, was ordered by the British in April 1940, and one of the first to be evaluated in the UK was AH573 in August 1941. Although found to suffer from poor performance at altitude, the type served with No 601 Sqn until March 1942.

  • Air Enthusiast 1971-08 / ??? - The Calamitous 'Cobra
    Регистрационный номер: AH579   [3]

    An early British Airacobra (believed to be AH579, the tenth aircraft) prior to delivery. The 20-mm nose cannon is not fitted, and the rather unusual arrangement of the camouflage scheme is noteworthy.

  • Flight 1941-10 / Flight

    The nose-wheel and the muzzle of the 20-mm. cannon.
    The RAF's Bell Airacobra was similar to the USAAF P-39D except that it was fitted with a 20mm gun rather than the latter’s 37mm cannon.

  • Flight 1941-10 / Flight

    An instructive close-up of the nose-wheel unit showing the telescopic leg and retraction member. The cable from a starter-battery can be seen on the left.

  • Flight 1941-10 / Flight

    TAIL UNIT. Showing the nicely proportioned fin and the balanced rudder with trimming tab. Note the white tail-light mounted near the rudder post on the side of the fin and the first-aid compartment in the side of the fuselage just behind the R.A.F. roundels.

  • Flight 1941-10 / Flight

    UNDER THE BONNET. With the engine amidships, there is more room in the nose for armament fittings. The barrels of the fuselage machine guns and the ammunition feed are clearly shown in the picture.

  • Flight 1941-10 / Flight

    POWER HOUSE. The pilot's cockpit, with the Allison engine located immediately behind, has a beautifully streamlined transparent cover carefully proportioned so as not to interfere with the air-intake. Note the six exhaust stubs with "pinched" outlets from the starboard bank of cylinders.

  • Flight 1941-12 / Flight

    P/O. H. A. Taylor - a pre-war member of the staff of Flight - at the controls of a Bell Airacobra.

  • Aviation Historian 9 / A.Griffith - America's Ramjagers

    The Commanding Officer of No 601 (County of London) Sqn of the RAF, Sqn Ldr E.J. Grade, demonstrates the “car-door” of the P-39 during the unit’s tenure with the type from August 1941 until March 1942.

  • Flight 1941-11 / Flight Advertisements

    Certain features make the Bell Airacobra single engine fighter especially suitable for day and night service. The pilot gets an all important extra measure of vision because the engine is behind him. Engine exhaust glare is behind the pilot. The Bell Airacobra's tricycle landing gear affords greater safety in landings and take-offs. And a vital advantage is the Airacobra's center line explosive shell firing cannon. Today, the Bell Airacobra is an essential weapon in the defense of the Democracies, but it is also the evidence of Bell Aircrafts leadership in peacetime Tomorrow.

  • Air-Britain Aeromilitaria 1997-03 / R.A.F. Airacobras
    Регистрационный номер: AH573   [3]

    AH573 under test at the Aeroplane & Armament Experimental Establishment at Boscombe Down in August 1941.

  • Air Enthusiast 1971-08 / ??? - The Calamitous 'Cobra
    Регистрационный номер: DS173   [2]

    View of the P-39C DS173, the first Airacobra to arrive in Britain. This was one of three P-39Cs supplied under Lend-Lease arrangements; the four machine guns in the nose and lack of wing guns distinguish this variant from the British Airacobras.

  • Air Enthusiast 1971-08 / ??? - The Calamitous 'Cobra
    Регистрационный номер: AH579   [3]

    An early British Airacobra (believed to be AH579, the tenth aircraft) prior to delivery. The 20-mm nose cannon is not fitted, and the rather unusual arrangement of the camouflage scheme is noteworthy.

  • Air Enthusiast 1971-08 / ??? - The Calamitous 'Cobra
    Регистрационный номер: AH571   [2]

    The second Airacobra I, AH571, showing the modified rudder and a fairing round the exhaust stubs.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 2000-02 / T.Neil - A Brit among the Yanks /First-hand history/ (1)
    Регистрационный номер: AH571   [2]

    Unpopular with Major De Fehr and many other USAAF and RAF pilots owing to its sometimes unpredictable handling, the P-39 Airacobra was exported in large numbers to the Soviet Union.

  • Air Enthusiast 1971-08 / ??? - The Calamitous 'Cobra
    Регистрационный номер: DS173   [2]

    Although ordered in large numbers the Airacobra was not an operational success in R.A.F. service. This picture shows DS173, possibly a prototype.

  • Авиация и Космонавтика 2009-01 / В.Селезнев - Американская Кобра
    Регистрационный номер: AH595

    Первые "Аэрокобры" в Советском Союзе были из числа поставленных Великобритании

  • Air-Britain Aeromilitaria 1997-03 / R.A.F. Airacobras
    Регистрационный номер: AH574

    AH574 fitted with an arrester hook at the RAE

  • Air Enthusiast 1971-08 / ??? - The Calamitous 'Cobra
    Регистрационный номер: AH573   [3]

    The fourth British Airacobra, AH573, was used briefly for handling and performance trials at the A & AEE, Boscombe Down, but crashed before the tests were complete. Unlike the earlier examples, this aircraft had divided stubs on each of the six exhaust pipes.

  • Flight 1941-10 / Flight

    The figures beyond the wing indicate the small size of this neat fighter. Note the air-intake behind the cockpit fairing and the fillets at the wing roots.
    No 601 (County of London) Sqn flew Bell Airacobra fighters for a short period in late 1941

  • Авиация и Космонавтика 2009-01 / В.Селезнев - Американская Кобра
    Регистрационный номер: AH628

    "Аэрокобра" во время испытаний в НИИ ВВС еще в британском камуфляже

  • Flight 1941-06 / Flight

    Ths shaft from the engine to the reduction gear is 8 ft. long and is supported at the centre in a self-aligning ball-bearing.

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