Avro Ten / Type 618
Варианты:
Avro - Ten / Type 618 - 1928 - Великобритания
Страна: Великобритания
Год: 1928


Пассажирский самолет с двумя членами экипажа
Описание:
Avro серий 618 Ten, 619 Five, 624 Six и 642 Eighteen
Flight, June 1929
BRITISH AIRCRAFT AT OLYMPIA
Фотографии

Avro серий 618 Ten, 619 Five, 624 Six и 642 Eighteen

Avro серии 618 Ten появился в результате лицензионного соглашения 1928 года на выпуск в Британии очень удачного трехмоторного авиалайнера Fokker F.VIIB-3m. Соглашение "Avro" с "Fokker" позволило британской компании продавать самолет в странах Британского Содружества, кроме Канады. Название Ten ("Десять") было принято, чтобы отразить, что самолет вмещает двух членов экипажа и восемь пассажиров.
   После небольших изменений конструкции фюзеляжа Ten показали на авиационной выставке 1929 года в Олимпии, позднее он стал первой из пяти машин, проданной авиакомпании "Australian National Airways". Еще две купила фирма "Queensland Air Navigation Co. Ltd". Последний из уцелевших в Австралии самолетов в 1941 году эвакуировал людей с Новой Гвинеи. Несмотря на проявленный "героизм", самолет вскоре списали.
   Пять машин серии 618 Ten продали британским авиакомпаниям: по два - фирмам "Imperial Airways" и "Airwork" и один - фирме "Midland & Scottish Air Ferries".
   Последний серийный Ten в июле 1936 года попал в звено по испытанию беспроводной связи авиационного оборудования Королевского НИИ авиации, позже на нем установили однолонжеронное крыло.


Варианты

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   Серия 642 Eighteen: вариант Fokker F. VIIB-3m (назывался Eighteen только в начале своего появления) сочетал в себе крыло от серии 618 с новым фюзеляжем


ТАКТИКО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ

   Avro серии 618 Ten

   Тип: пассажирский самолет с двумя членами экипажа
   Силовая установка: три звездообразных двигателя Armstrong Siddeley Lynx IVC, каждый мощностью 240л.с.(179 кВт)
   Характеристики: максимальная скорость 185 км/ч на оптимальной высоте; крейсерская скорость 161 км/ч на оптимальной высоте; начальная скороподъемность 206 м/мин; практический потолок 4875 м; дальность полета 655 км
   Масса: пустого самолета 2731 кг; максимальная взлетная 4808 кг
   Размеры: размах крыла 21,72 м; длина 14,48 м; высота 3,89 м; площадь крыла 71,72 м2
   Полезная нагрузка: 8 пассажиров

Flight, June 1929

BRITISH AIRCRAFT AT OLYMPIA

A. V. ROE & CO., LTD.

   OWING to the fact that the material dealing with the exhibits of A. V. Roe & Co. reached us very late, it has not been possible to include the article describing the Avro show machines in its proper place, alphabetically, and we have, perforce, had to place it here, at the end of our advance show report. While regretting the fact, we had no choice in the matter, as it was necessary to go to press with this week's issue of FLIGHT a good deal earlier than usual, and the makeup of the Olympia Show Report could not be deferred until the last minute.
   At least four complete aircraft are expected to be shown on the Avro stand; An Avro 10, an Avro 5, an "Antelope," and a metal "Avian" with "Genet Major" engine. This engine is an entirely new type, produced by Armstrong Siddeley Motors, Ltd., and will make its public appearance for the first time at Olympia,

   It is now several months ago that it was first announced that the British rights to construct the Fokker F.VII 3-m. had been acquired by A. V. Roe & Co., Ltd., and the machine to be known as the Avro 10 is, in fact, the first Manchester-built Fokker. It is a cantilever high-wing monoplane, powered by three Armstrong Siddeley "Lynx" engines, and has accommodation for eight passengers in the saloon and pilot and engineer or navigator in the cockpit.
   The passengers' saloon is tastefully decorated and comfortably equipped, and the large windows, with the absence of a lower wing, give an excellent view outwards and downwards. A small step is permanently built on to the fuselage below the door, and no extra steps are required, owing to the low height of the fuselage above the ground.
   Side-by-side seating accommodation is provided for pilot and engineer in the cockpit, and dual controls are fitted, with the usual foot bar for the rudder and wheel control for the ailerons. Three baggage compartments are available, with a total capacity of 114 cub. ft. Light luggage can be put in the racks under the roof of the saloon.
   The three Armstrong Siddeley "Lynx" engines are mounted one in the nose of the fuselage and two outboard under the wing, from which they are supported on three bolts from, the main wing spars.
   Constructionally, the Avro 10 follows closely the original Fokker practice. The fuselage is a structure of welded steel tube construction, with bracing either in the form of diagonal struts welded to the longerons, or in the form of the well-known Fokker wire bracing looped through steel tube quadrants welded into the struts.
   The monoplane wing is of all-wood construction, with three-ply planking, and there is no wire bracing, either inside or outside, the wing being a pure cantilever.
   A wide-track undercarriage is fitted, consisting on each side of a radius rod, a bent axle, and the telescopic leg, which is taken to the outboard engine bearer. Wheel brakes are fitted.
   The main dimensions of the Avro 10 are: Length, overall, 47 ft. 6 in.; height, overall, 12 ft. 9 in.; wing span, 71 ft. 3 in.; maximum wing chord, 12 ft. 6 in.; wing area, including ailerons, 772 sq. ft.; total area of ailerons, 44-6 sq. ft.; area of tail plane and elevator, 72-3 sq. ft.; area of fin and rudder, 25-5 sq. ft.
   The tare weight of the Avro 10 is 6,276 lbs. This figure includes the saloon equipment, which weighs 256 lbs., so that if the machine is to be used for other than passenger carrying, the tare weight is correspondingly reduced. The non-paying load may be made up as follows: Crew of 2, 360 lbs. fuel and oil for 4 hrs., 1,280 lbs.; wireless and lighting equipment, 205 lbs. Total, 1,845 lbs. The pay load in this case becomes 1,800 lbs., giving a total loaded weight of 9,921 lbs. For longer range, extra petrol can be carried without reducing the pay load, and the machine will, at a gross weight of 10,600 lbs., fly level without losing height with one engine shut off.
   Performance figures for the Avro 10 are :- Full speed 115 m.p.h.; cruising speed, 100 m.p.h.; range at cruising speed, 400 miles; rate of climb at sea level, 675 ft./min.; time to 1,000 ft., 1-6 mins.; time to 5,000 ft., 9-5 mins.; time to 10,000 ft., 25 mins. Service ceiling, 14,000 ft. Absolute ceiling, 16,000 ft. Take-off run, 275 yards. Landing run without wheel brakes, 330 yards. Landing run with wheel brakes, 230 yards.
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Avro серии 618 получил название Ten, поскольку был рассчитан на восемь пассажиров и двух членов экипажа. "Imperial Airways" получила первый самолет в 1930 году, эти машины использовались в основном для чартерных рейсов на европейских маршрутах.
AVRO 10 (3 Armstrong Siddeley "Lynx").
An Avro X (3 "Lynx"), of which several are to be put into service in Australia.
On the Avro Stand: In the foreground the Avro 10; on the left the Avro 5, and on the right the "Avian" with "Genet Major" engine.
ANOTHER ENGLAND-AUSTRALIA FLIGHT: C. T. P. Ulm (second from left) and his companions, Allan, Edwards and Taylor, and the Avro X in which they are flying to Australia - hoping to better Kingsford-Smith's time.
The Faith in Australia and her crew, including Mr. Edwards (white sweater), wireless operator, who did not accompany Mr. Ulm!
READY TO TRY AGAIN: Mr. C. T. Uhn is ready to make another attempt to fly the Atlantic in the Avro 10 Faith in Australia, which has now been repaired by A. V. Roe, Ltd., at their Manchester works. Our picture shows the machine and its crew - reading from left to right, Messrs. Allen, Ulm, Taylor and Edwards.
FRONT VIEW OF THE AVRO TEN: Three Armstrong Siddeley "Lynx" Engines.
The Avro Ten: A close-up of the nose showing the three "Lynx" engines. Wheel brakes are fitted to the landing wheels.
FOR THE VICEROY OF INDIA: The Avro 10 which left Croydon for India, piloted by Mr. Nevill Vincent, on Nov. 20. This machine is intended for the personal use of Lord Willingdon, Viceroy of India.
The Avro Ten: In the three-quarter front view the man standing in front gives "scale" to the picture.
Avro "X" (3 "Lynx") ten seater.
OFF: The Avro Ten taking off on a test flight at Woodford Aerodrome, piloted by Flight-Lieut. John Oliver, A.F.C.
THE AVRO 10: Another type of three-engined monoplane, added to the fleet in 1931.
MISS JOHNSON AT SYDNEY: An "impression" of Miss Amy Johnson flying over the Sydney Harbour Bridge (under construction) in the National Airways Avro 10, on June 4
THE START: The Avro 10 (Armstrong-Siddeley "Lynx"), "Southern Sun," leaving Melbourne for England with mail on November 20. Six days later it crashed at Alor Star, and the mails - together with this and accompanying illustration - were brought on by Kingsford Smith in the "Southern Star."
Faith in Australia, the veteran Avro Ten of Tasman Sea fame, over Auckland.
THE AVRO TEN FITTED WITH 215 H.P. LYNX ENGINES OPERATING ON THE AUSTRALIA - TASMANIA SERVICE
ON TASMANIAN SERVICE: The Avro "Ten" operated by Hart Aircraft Co., Ltd., on their Melbourne - Launceston service flying over Melbourne. The Hart Aircraft Company, whose offices and hangars are located at Essendon Aerodrome, Melbourne, operate as well as the Melbourne - Launceston service, a general aircraft engineering service, a taxi service throughout the Commonwealth of Australia and a school of aviation. Their flying equipment consists of the Avro "Ten" (three-engined monoplane), a Desoutter ("Gipsy Mark III"engine), a "Hawk Moth" with a geared "Lynx" engine, and two "Gipsy Moths."
The Avro Ten VH-UMG was Australian National Airways’ Southern Star. It passed to Hart Aircraft and then Australian Transcontinental Airways.
THE ARRIVAL: The Southern Star, which, piloted by Air-Commodore Kingsford Smith, brought on the mails from the Southern Sun, arrives at Croydon on December 16.
Australian National Airways Avro Ten (licence-built Fokker F.VIIb-3m) VH-UMG Southern Star at Bangkok in January 1932. On November 20, 1931, Southern Sun had left Sydney on the first all-Australian mail flight to England, but it was wrecked at Alor Star. Charles Kingsford Smith then flew to Alor Star in Southern Star to pick up the mail and fly it to Croydon. Kingsford Smith and G. U. Allan left Hamble on the return flight on January 7, 1932, Siamese air force picture was taken during the return journey. Included in the photograph with Kingsford Smith are Siamese officials and Robert Cain, who later escaped from Siam at the time of the Japanese invasion of that country, returned to England and joined the Parachute Regiment. Later he won the Victoria Cross at Arnhem.
A close-up of the Southern Star (top) and (below) its cargo of Xmas mail from New Zealand and Australia.
H.E. The Viceroy and Lady Willingdon arrived by aeroplane at Peshawar on the 16th April, to install the new Governor of Province (Sir Ralph Griffiths), and to inaugurate the new Legislative Council. In the photo are seen Lord Willingdon, shaking hands with Lady Griffiths. Lady Willingdon has just descended from the Avro 10 and is going to shake hands with Sir Ralph Griffiths (Chief Commissioner of the North-West Frontier Province and Governor Designate).
Avro Ten G-ABLU, named Apollo for Imperial Airways was used for general charter work, replacing Avro Ten G-AASP Achilles for use by the Iraq Petroleum Company Ltd on desert pipeline patrol work. After a period in the Near East it returned to the UK in 1933 for use on European charter work, based at Le Bourget, was written off on December 30, 1938.
FOR IMPERIAL AIRWAYS: The second of the Avro 10 three-engined (Armstrong-Siddeley commercial monoplanes which have been supplied to Imperial Airways Ltd.
Imperial Airways’ charter fleet line-up at Croydon in 1933. Right to left: Westland Wessex G-ACHI and G-AAGW, Avro Ten G-ABLU Apollo, and Desoutter I ambulance G-ABMW Air Taxi No.6.
Avro 618 Ten G-ACGF of Midland and Scottish Air Ferries Ltd.
SMITH'S INSTRUMENTS FITTED TO "FAITH IN AUSTRALIA" INCLUDING TURN & BANK INDICATOR FOR HIS RECORD FLIGHT ENGLAND - AUSTRALIA IN 6 DAYS 18 HOURS
"I WANT TO BE A SEAPLANE!" Mr. Ulm's Avro 10 monoplane caught by the tide at Portmarnock Strand, Dublin, when its undercarriage collapsed after being refuelled.
Avro Ten Southern Star after it crashed into an orchard at Crockenhill, Kent on December 21, 1932.
AVRO-10
AVRO-10
The wing tips of the Avro 10 and 5 have hand grips for steadying machines on ground. The illustration also shows plywood planking and aileron hinge.
Details of the all-wood wing construction on the Avro 10 and 5.
AVRO WELDED STEEL TUBE CONSTRUCTION: Circular engine mountings of the type shown in 1 are used both for fuselage and wing engines, but the actual supports of the rings differ slightly. The joint to the top longeron is shown in 2, with end fitting before welding shown at A and B. The fitting at the lower longerons is illustrated in 3, with details in 3C. The type of cowling support and attachment is shown in 4. In 5 is shown engine bracket before it is welded on to the engine ring, and 6 shows a bracket, a portion of the ring, and the attachment of a cowling tube.
AVRO WELDED CONSTRUCTION: A typical fuselage joint.
AVRO WELDED CONSTRUCTION: In the tail plane use is made of internal diagonal tubular struts of high-tensile steel. To avoid welding direct to this, mild-steel sleeves are used, as shown. The sketch also illustrates the welded tube tailplane ribs, the web being formed of continuous tubes welded to the flange booms.
Avro X 3 Armstrong Siddeley "Lynx" Engines