Лилиенталь выполнял полеты в пологом пикировании с насыпного холма высотой 15 м.
German pioneer Otto Lilienthal flying his No.11 ‘Normal-Segelapparat’ from his man-made ‘Fliegerberg’ at Lichterfelde in June 1895.

Professor Fitzgerald shows his newly-acquired No.11 glider to students in the grounds of Dublin University. One or two are seen to be laughing.

Oxford dentist T J Bennett poses with his Lilienthal No. 11 glider, which cost him £25 and arrived in March 1895. He appears not to have flown it.

Hawk on a hill at Eynsford, Kent, in 1897, showing the fin added to provide ‘weathercock’ directional stability.

Pilcher with his newly completed fourth glider, with Glasgow tenements in the background, early 1896. Later named the Hawk, the machine had no fin in its original form.

On display at Stanford Hall is a faithful replica of the Hawk, built by Armstrong Whitworth apprentices 1957-1958.

Major Baden-Powell demonstrates his flapping wings in the mid to late 1890s. The bar which he intended to press down with his feet hangs just below his knees.

Pilcher’s first glider, the Bat, in its earliest form, without a tailplane, about May 1895.

Pilcher prepares to fly the Bat with its new tail surfaces, but still retaining marked dihedral, at Auchensail, Scotland, in 1895.

Pilcher displays the five spanwise spars and large wing area of the Beetle at Auchensail in June/July 1895.

Percy Pilcher and his sister Ella demonstrate the Bat’s portability when reduced to its component parts.

The Gull’s great wing area made it unmanageable in anything more than a gentle breeze.

Artist Frank Munger’s impression of Pilcher’s powered triplane in flight.