Ryan NYP Spirit of St. Louis

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Страна Country: СШАUSA

Год Year: 1927

Ryan. Ранние самолеты

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Выпуск серийных B.1 задержался из-за постройки одного уникального самолета.
Получившая имя "The Spirit of St Louis", машина NYP (New York Paris) использовалась Чарльзом Линдбергом для первого перелета через Северную Атлантику в мае 1927 года. Самолет NYP был создан на базе конструкции M-1/M-2, но отличался от них 237-сильным (177 кВт) ПД Wright J-5C Whirlwind и большим топливным баком в носовой части фюзеляжа, сильно ограничивающим пилоту обзор вперед.
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Flight, June 1927

”THE SPIRIT OF ST. LOUIS"
The Ryan Monoplane Described

   Now that due homage has been paid to the human element of the splendid non-stop flight from New York to Paris, there is an opportunity to sit down quietly and contemplate the technical equipment used by Capt. Lindbergh in his historic flight. The personal factors that made for success were skill in piloting and navigation, unlimited pluck, and a magnificent physical constitution able to stand the strain of so many hours without sleep. It will be of interest to examine, in so far as we may, the technical factors that made the flight possible. Fortunately, we have been able to secure a good deal of technical documentation concerning the "Spirit of St. Louis," although it is regretted that at the moment detailed data relating to the Wright "Whirlwind" engine are not available. Some of these data can be estimated from information given incidentally in the calculations relating to the machine, but for others it will be necessary to wait for particulars to arrive from the Wright Aeronautical Corporation, the makers of the engine.
   The Ryan monoplane used by Lindbergh was designed by Mr. Donald A. Hall, chief engineer and designer of Ryan Airlines of San Diego, California, the firm which built the machine, and we are extremely glad to be in a position to present to our readers this week a number of graphs prepared by Mr. Hall in getting out his estimates for the transatlantic flight. No explanatory text accompanied the graphs, so that the following notes have been added by us mainly to assist in the task of interpreting the curves to those of our readers who are not very familiar with such work. Before doing so, however, a few words concerning the design and construction of the Ryan monoplane may be of interest.
   As the accompanying photographs will show, the Ryan N.Y.-P. type is a high-wing monoplane with strut bracing to the lower longerons of the fuselage, a radial air-cooled Wright "Whirlwind" engine in the nose, the pilot's cockpit situated under the trailing edge of the wing so that the view forward is entirely "blind," and a somewhat unusual undercarriage. The latter is of the divided type without wheel axle, the stub axles being the apices of two steel tube vees hinged to the lower longerons, and springing being by telescopic struts to the front wing spar strut, short sloping struts transmitting the load to the top longeron without imposing bending stresses on the wing strut, the structure being completed by a short vee to the lower longeron. The duty of this vee is, of course, to relieve the front wing strut of any bending load in a fore-and-aft direction. The arrangement does not make for "cleanness" particularly, but it does give a very wide wheel track and thus reduces the tendency of the machine to cartwheel on the ground.
   Structurally, the Ryan monoplane is of normal construction, the fuselage being a steel tube structure, while the monoplane wing is a wood and metal construction with box spars, wood ribs and tierod drag bracing. Generally speaking, the machine follows the lines of the Ryan M1 monoplane used for commercial work, the main difference being the larger petrol tankage and slightly larger wings. The wing section used is that known as the "Clark Y" section. The leading edge is covered over with three-ply wood so as to preserve a more exact wing curve and give greater strength. Ailerons of normal type and proportions are fitted. The tail surfaces are of steel tube construction.
   The "office" is, as already mentioned, under the trailing edge of the wing, and there is a window in each side and one in the roof. Diagonally forward and downward the view is good, but straight forward it does not exist, and a form of periscope has been installed to enable the pilot to look forward. This consists of a mirror which can be pushed out of the window and, in facing forward, reflects the view past the engine on to another mirror on the instrument board in front of the pilot. That this is anything but a makeshift arrangement can scarcely be claimed, but as Lindbergh was not likely to meet thousands of aeroplanes on his flight across the Atlantic, this compromise was chosen as being permissible for the particular flight, and the success of the flight proves this contention to have been justified. The shelter of a cabin, the relatively great distance away from the engine with its noise and fumes, were factors much more important than forward view, and the way Lindbergh handled his machine at Croydon under very bad conditions proved that sideslipping can be made to make up for poor view forward. In any case, the design of a machine for such a specific purpose involves endless compromises, and we have known of much worse than this one feature of the Ryan for which it has been criticised. In every other respect everyone agrees that the "Spirit of St. Louis" is a very good commonsense machine. That there is nothing startlingly remarkable in it from an aerodynamic point of view will be realised when we come to examine this side of its design.
   Following are the main dimensions, etc., of the Ryan monoplane: Wing span, 46 ft.; wing chord, 7 ft.; wing area, 319 sq. ft.; wing section, Clark Y; engine, Wright J-5-C, giving 223 b.h.p. at 1,800 r.p.m.; propeller, Standard Steel Propeller Company's, of Duralumin, set at 16 1/4 degrees pitch.
   The weight of the Ryan monoplane bare is 2,150 lb., and the load for the transatlantic flight was composed as follows: Pilot, 170 lb.; petrol, 425 gallons (Western at 6-12 lb./gal.), 2.600 lb.; oil. 25 gals, at 7 lb./gal., 175 lb.; total weight of load, 2,985 lb.; total loaded weight of machine at start, 5,130 lb.; weight of machine at end of flight, without petrol but with 10 gals, of oil left, 2,415 lb. Wing Loading: Fully loaded at start of flight. 16-1 lb. sq. ft.; light at end of flight, 7-57 lb. sq. ft. Power Loading: Full load at start of flight, 23 lb./h.p.; light at end of flight, 10-8 lb./h.p.
   Following is the estimated performance (r.p.m. data based on test and theory): Maximum speed with full load. 120 m.p.h.; with light load. 124-5 m.p.h.; minimum speed with full load, 71 m.p.h.; with light load, 49 m.p.h. Economic speed: with full load, 97 m.p.h. at 1,670 r.p.m.; with light load, 67 m.p.h. at 1,080 r.p.m. Fuel Economy at Economic Speeds: Full load with full rich mixture, 6-96 miles per gallon; light load with lean mixture, 13-9 miles per gallon. Range: At ideal speeds of 97 m.p.h. at start and 67 m.p.h. at end, 4,110 miles. At practical speeds of 95 m.p.h. at start and 75 m.p.h. at end, 4,040 miles.
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Описание:Description:

Ryan. Ранние самолеты
Flight, June 1927
”THE SPIRIT OF ST. LOUIS"

Aeroplane Monthly 1997-06 / M.Vines - Kermit weeks's Fantasy of Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
A reproduction of Charles Lindbergh’s famous pioneering solo transatlantic Ryan NYP Spirit of St Louis on show in the main hangar.
Aeroplane Monthly 1999-06 / M.Oakey, T.Harmsworth - News
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
The new Ryan NYP Spirit of St Louis replica, suspended in the yet-to-be-opened new Terminal 2 at San Diego International Airport.
Авиация и Космонавтика 2025-01 / В.Хвощин - Видеть дальше "буратиньего носа" (3)
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Подлинный самолет Ryan NY-P «Spirit of St. Louis» под инвентарным номером A19280021000 выставлен на всеобщее обозрение в Национальном музее авиации и космонавтики в Вашингтоне («National Air and Space Museum»). С двух сторон капота самолета нанесены флаги стран и знаки компаний, в 1928-м году организовавших на этой машине агитационный тур «доброй воли» Линдберга по странам Латинской Америки
Авиация и Космонавтика 2025-01 / В.Хвощин - Видеть дальше "буратиньего носа" (3)
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Детальное фото носовой части самолета Ryan NY-P «Spirit of St. Louis». Обратите внимание: перед левым окном кабины выдвинут перископ, обеспечивающий небольшую видимость, необходимую для взлета и посадки
Aeroplane Monthly 1993-03 / B.Ogden - Laatzen
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Fokker Dr I and Ryan NYP replicas in the first of the Luftfahrtmuseum Laatzen-Hannover's two exhibition halls, with a Stampe visible at lower right.

Другие самолёты на фотографии: Another planes on the photo: Fokker Dr.I - ГерманияGermany - 1917 Stampe et Vertongen SV-4 - БельгияBelgium - 1933
Aeroplane Monthly 1987-08 / D.Prince - The Lindbergh spirit
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Созданный на базе M-1, самолет NYP был построен менее чем за два месяца и обошелся всего в 6 000 долларов. Чарльз Линдберг выбрал машину компании "Ryan", так как у него не хватало средств на покупку самолета фирмы "Bellanca".
Моноплан Линдберга "Spirit of St. Louis", построенный фирмой "Ryan", вмещал 1609 л топлива, находившегося в носовом, крыльевых и фюзеляжном топливных баках.
Lindbergh 's Ryan NYP was tested from April 28 to May 9, 1927 at San Diego, California. Before the Atlantic flight the NYP broke two records flying from San Diego, first to St Louis and then to New York.
Flight 1927-05 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
THE NEW YORK - PARIS FLIGHT: The Ryan monoplane "Spirit of St. Louis," fitted with a 220 h.p. Wright "Whirlwind" engine, on which Capt. Charles Lindbergh flew from New York to Paris in 33 1/2 hours.
Flight 1927-06 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
THE RYAN MONOPLANE: Three-quarter front view. Note the strutting of the undercarriage.
Авиация и Космонавтика 2025-01 / В.Хвощин - Видеть дальше "буратиньего носа" (3)
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Механик вручную запускает двигатель самолета Линдберга для первого полета 28 апреля 1927 года после последних проверок и фотосъемок перед летными испытаниями на трассе Сан-Диего - Нью-Йорк
Flight 1927-06 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
THE RYAN MONOPLANE, TYPE N.Y.P.: Front view.
Flight 1927-06 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
THE "WRIGHT SPIRIT": View of the business end of the Ryan monoplane "Spirit of St. Louis," on which Capt. Lindbergh flew from New York to Paris. Note the neat cowling around the Wright "Whirlwind" engine, spinner over the boss of the Duralumin propeller, and particularly the unusual undercarriage arrangement.
Авиация и Космонавтика 2001-08 / В.Ригмант - Встреча с Америкой (1)
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
"Дух Сент-Луиса"
Aeroplane Monthly 1981-09 / B.Burrell - The Spirit of St Louis /Air movie spectacular/
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Views of one of the Mantz Ryan B-1s.
Air Pictorial 1955-10
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
One of the two converted Ryan Broughams at Roosevelt Field, N.Y.: 'Spirit of St. Louis'.
Авиация и Космонавтика 2017-05 / Знаменательные даты мая в истории авиации
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Aeroplane Monthly 1987-08 / D.Prince - The Lindbergh spirit
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
This curious photograph, with Lindbergh standing in the centre of the bottom row, was probably taken to illustrate the weight of fuel carried on the Atlantic flight (450 US gal). The barrels of fuel provide the platform for the human pyramid.
Aeroplane Monthly 1976-03 / J.Grierson - The Lindbergh story (2)
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Forty years on, and history repeats itself. A replica of the Spirit of St. Louis is seen at Le Bourget on May 24, 1967, commemorating the 40th anniversary of Lindbergh’s Atlantic crossing.
Aeroplane Monthly 1981-09 / B.Burrell - The Spirit of St Louis /Air movie spectacular/
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Aeroplane Monthly 1987-03 / D.Jones - Hollywood pilot
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Mantz created three Ryan NYPs for filming the Lindbergh story in 1955. This one, N7212, survives.
Aeroplane Monthly 1988-12 / ??? - The home of EAA
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Flying replica of Charles Lindbergh’s Ryan Spirit of St Louis, built in 1977 and powered by a 220h.p. Continental.
Flight 1927-06 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
THE RYAN MONOPLANE. Side view.
Aeroplane Monthly 1977-11 / H.Best-Devereux - Oshkosh Silver Jubilee
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
The EAA Air Museum's Spirit of St Louis replica, which earlier this year carried out a 4 1/2 month tour of 48 states in a re-enactment of Lindbergh's 1927 tour of the USA.
Flight 1927-06 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
THE RYAN MONOPLANE: This view of the machine in flight shows most of the special features. Particularly so as regards the undercarriage, the complete strutting of which is visible. Note also the side window.
Air International 1985-05
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Charles A Lindbergh was flying the Ryan NYP "Spirit of St Louis" when this photo was taken during an early test flight over San Diego in May 1927.
Aeroplane Monthly 1987-08 / D.Prince - The Lindbergh spirit
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Probably the world's most famous aeroplane - Lindbergh's Ryan NYP Spirit of St Louis, with Lindbergh at the controls during an early test flight from San Diego in May 1927.
Flight 1927-06 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
"THE SPIRIT OF ST. LOUIS": View from the air of Capt. Lindbergh's transatlantic machine during a test flight. The machine was designed by Mr. Donald A. Hall, chief engineer and designer of Ryan Airlines of San Diego, California.
Aeroplane Monthly 1987-08 / M.Oakey - Grapevine
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Ryan NYP Spirit of St Louis replica NX211 delighted the Paris Air Show crowds in June 1987.
Flight 1927-06 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
"THE SPIRIT OF ST. LOUIS" SHOWS ITSELF: Before attempting to land on the few feet of Croydon Aerodrome available, Lindbergh made several circuits, and this was about as much of him that the majority of the people saw! These two views give a good idea of the general lines of the Ryan monoplane (220 h.p. Wright "Whirlwind") that has made history.
Aeroplane Monthly 1978-11 / H.Best-Devereux, I.Best-Devereux - Oshkosh '78
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
The EAA’s Spirit of St Louis reproduction and its Stinson escort stopped at Oshkosh during their interstate tour.

Другие самолёты на фотографии: Another planes on the photo: Stinson Detroiter / Junior - СШАUSA - 1927
Flight 1927-06 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
LINDBERGH LANDS: Two views of "The Spirit of St. Louis" alighting in the narrow path left for it by the crowd, which can be seen, in the top picture, surging forward.
Flight 1927-06 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
HERO WORSHIP: Some of the 100,000 or more visitors to Croydon last Sunday who gave Lindbergh such a wonderful reception. The "unloosed" crowd is seen making for "The Spirit of St. Louis" - the wings of which are just visible above their heads.
Jane's All the World Aircraft 1980 / Encyclopedia of Aviation - Aircraft A-Z - v5
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Ryan NYP Spirit of St Louis.
Aeroplane Monthly 1987-08 / D.Prince - The Lindbergh spirit
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
The fish cannery factory where early Ryan aircraft were assembled.
Aeroplane Monthly 1987-08 / D.Prince - The Lindbergh spirit
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
The NYP one-piece wing being lowered from the second floor factory.
Aeroplane Monthly 1987-08 / D.Prince - The Lindbergh spirit
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
The fuselage of Lindbergh's Ryan emerges from the factory front door.
Aeroplane Monthly 1987-08 / D.Prince - The Lindbergh spirit
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Friendly rivals - before the Atlantic flight. Lindbergh, left, with Cdr Richard Byrd and Clarence Chamberlin on May 13, 1927.
Flight 1927-05 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
THE NEW YORK - PARIS FLIGHT: Capt. Charles Lindbergh, Legion of Honour, who piloted, single-handed, his Ryan monoplane 3,600 miles across the Atlantic, from New York to Paris. This photograph was transmitted by telephone wires from St Louis to New York.
Мировая Авиация 48
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Чарльз Линдберг был прирожденным летчиком, обладавшим огромным мужеством. Он также был талантливым инженером, добившимся определенного успеха, спроектировав "Дух Сент-Луиса" на основе раннего самолета Ryan.
Мировая Авиация 29
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Aeroplane Monthly 1981-09 / B.Burrell - The Spirit of St Louis /Air movie spectacular/
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
James Stewart in characteristic Lindbergh pose.
Aeroplane Monthly 1987-08 / D.Prince - The Lindbergh spirit
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Towing the fuselage to the Dutch Flats flying field.
Aeroplane Monthly 1996-08 / T.Gwynn-Jones - A matter of honour

The little-known sistership of Lindbergh’s Ryan NYP Spirit of St Louis, built for the Japanese newspaper Asahi Shimbun. It would act as a pattern for the Kawanishi K-12 transpacific monoplane.
Авиация и Космонавтика 2025-01 / В.Хвощин - Видеть дальше "буратиньего носа" (3)

Запыленная кабина подлинного линдбергского самолета Ryan NY-P «Spirit of St. Louis» с простейшим оборудованием кабины пилота. Можно самостоятельно убедиться, что ни во время взлета, ни во время посадки Линдберг ничего не видел вперед. Чуть левее середины приборной доски видно квадратное отверстие перископа, выдвинутого в рабочее положение, а слева от него - ручка для его перемещения. Место бывшей левой двери было занято рукоятками органов управления двигателем и топливной системой. Обратите внимание: как тогда, так и сейчас в правой двери нет стекла
Авиация и Космонавтика 2025-01 / В.Хвощин - Видеть дальше "буратиньего носа" (3)
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Детальное фото заржавевшего перископа сзади и вид на приборную доску самолета Ryan NY-P «Spirit of St. Louis». Обратите внимание: квадратное отверстие в корпусе перископа предназначено для выхода основного потока воздуха, минуя кабину. Левой двери на самолете не было, а остекление по всему периметру было оклеено перкалью. Чтобы сделать этот снимок, специалисты музея просто варварски вырвали стекло
Авиация и Космонавтика 2025-01 / В.Хвощин - Видеть дальше "буратиньего носа" (3)
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Детальное фото приборной доски самолета Ryan NY-P «Spirit of St. Louis». Обратите внимание: приборная панель отделена от задней переборки топливного бака, чтобы разместить выдвижной перископ в этом пространстве. При монтаже проводки использовались как надежные соединения труб хомутами, так и грубейшая импровизация в виде проволочек и ленточных завязочек
Авиация и Космонавтика 2025-01 / В.Хвощин - Видеть дальше "буратиньего носа" (3)
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Чарльз Линдберг в кабине самолета Ryan NY-P «Spirit of St. Louis» перед летными испытаниями «Пересекателя океанов». Обратите внимание: рама стекла в двери кабины изготовлена из дерева, виден огромный зазор между наклонной частью двери и бортом фюзеляжа, кто бы такое допустил в наше время! Впрочем, для уменьшения количества стыков петля вращения двери была оклеена перкалью
Aeroplane Monthly 1998-12 / M.Vines - Rhinebeck revisites /Circus flying/

Aladdin’s Cave: an exclusive peep into Old Rhinebeck’s storage area, courtesy of Gene DeMarco, reveals a reproduction Fokker E III fuselage, the fuselage of one of the museum’s five New Standard D-25s, a repro Ryan NYP fuselage, and an original Kreider-Reisner KR-31 with its Curtiss OX-5 engine.

Другие самолёты на фотографии: Another planes on the photo: Fokker E.I - E.III Eindecker - ГерманияGermany - 1914 Kreider-Reisner C-4 / C-6 Challenger - СШАUSA - 1928 New Standard D-25 - СШАUSA - 1929
Авиация и Время 2004-01 / А.Чечин, Н.Околелов - Железная муха - Ryan X-13 Vertijet
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Клод Райен с моделью самолета "Spirit of St. Louis"
Aeroplane Monthly 1987-11
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NX211 [46]
Aeroplane Monthly 1987-08 / D.Prince - The Lindbergh spirit