Flight, February 1931

THE BREDA 19 "AEROBATIC" BIPLANE

   THE well-known Italian firm of Breda, of Milan, recently produced a biplane, designed by Ing. Pallavicino, for high aerobatic work. We are able to give some brief particulars of this machine, together with an illustration.
   The Breda 19 is an equal-span, staggered biplane, with bi-convex section wings. One pair of interplane struts are employed on each side of the fuselage, while the lower win« is additionally braced by a pair of N struts from the top longerons of the fuselage. The top plane is supported by a central inverted V cabane, as well as by two pairs of struts sloping outwards from the fuselage.
   We believe the usual Breda wood and steel construction is employed for the wings, while the fuselage, of orthodox rectangular cross-section with top turtle deck, is constructed of welded steel tubes. The covering of the fuselage may easily be removed allowing inspection and adjustment of the controls, etc. The engine mounting is of the detachable type.
   Ailerons are fitted to the lower plane only, and are balanced by auxiliary surfaces mounted forward of and above the hinge point. The tail plane, of biconvex section, is adjustable in flight, and the elevators are balanced by being hinged a little way back from the leading edge. A vertical fin and rudder of ample proportions is provided.
   The undercarriage is of the "non-axle" type of somewhat unusual design, each wheel being carried by a V attached to the lower plane and fuselage. Landing shocks are taken by a vertical oleo-pneumatic strut. Control cables are doubled, and pulleys are entirely eliminated.
   A 200-h.p. Armstrong Siddeley "Lynx" air-cooled radial engine, specially adapted for inverted flying, is fitted.
   The principal characteristics of the Breda 19 are :- Span, 9 m. (29 ft. 6 in.); O.A. length, 6-8 m. (22 ft. 4 in.); height, 3-65 m. (12 ft.); wing area, 25 sq. m. (269 sq. ft.); speed range, 76 - 220 k.p.h. (47 - 137 m.p.h.); safety factor, 18.

Flight, June 1934

FOR AEROBATICS
The Breda 28 used at the Vincennes Meeting by Colombo

   BUILT solely for "aerobatic" flying, the Breda 28 is an extremely manoeuvrable aeroplane of very sturdy construction. It has obviously been developed from the Breda 25 and 26 training machines which are widely used in Italy. The machine is a biplane of mixed construction with wings of biconvex section. The factor of safety is the same for both normal and inverted flight.
   Welded steel construction is used for the fuselage, which has been statically proved before and after diving at 312 m.p.h. Every part can be rapidly exposed for inspection and adjustment of controls. All control surfaces are aerodynamically and statically balanced, and the empennage is of the monoplane type in which biconvex section is used for the tail plane. The control system is duplicated throughout and the tail plane is adjustable during flight. An unusually wide undercarriage of the split type, the wheels of which are fitted with brakes, is used.
   A Piaggio 7-cylinder radial engine giving 380 h.p. at 2,000 r.p.m. and weighing 682 lb. is fitted, employing a carburetter of a special Piaggio type suitable for inverted flying. The fuel pump is of the Lamblin Corbetta type with a pumping capacity of 31 gallons per hour. An oil pump is also fitted for inverted flying. Petrol and oil tanks use flexible tubing hanging in such a manner as to maintain a constant supply to the pumps, arid are provided with double breathing to ensure the re-entry of air in any position. The double circulation of petrol for normal and inverted flight is controlled by the pilot.

BREDA 28
Piaggio 380 b.p. Radial Engine

Dimensions
   Span 32 ft. 9 3/4 in. (10 m)
   Length 25 ft. 7 in. (7,8 m)
   Height 11 ft. 1 in. (3,37 m)
   Wing area 323 sq. ft. (30 sq. m)

Weights
   Weight empty 3,116 lb. (960 kg)
   Useful loading 529 lb. (240 kg)
   Gross weight 2,645 lb. (1 200 kg)
   Wing loading 8-19 lb./sq.ft. (40kg/m2)
   Power loading 6-75 lbs./h.p. (315 kg/h.p.)

Performance
   Maximum speed 149 m.p.h. (240 km/hr.)
   Minimum speed 46 m p h (76 km/hr.)
   Cruising speed 124 m.p.h. (200km/hr.)
   Climb to 16,400 ft. (5 000 m) 16 minutes
   Surface ceiling 24,600 ft. (7 500 m)
   Take-off run 263 ft. (18 m)