Lockheed Orion 9

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Lockheed - Sirius / Altair 8 - 1929 - США Lockheed - P-24 / XP-900 - 1931 - США

Страна Country: СШАUSA

Год Year: 1931

Легкий пассажирский самолет

Lockheed 9 Orion

В конце 1930 года на основе анализа потенциального рынка легких пассажирских самолетов компания "Lockheed" приступила к проектированию Lockheed 9 Orion на шесть пассажиров. Самолет представлял собой комбинацию фюзеляжа от Vega с низкорасположенным крылом, шасси от Lockheed Altair и капотом типа NACA, как у Air Express. Первый Orion поднялся в воздух в начале 1931 года. Всего было построено 35 машин, в Orion также конвертирован один Altair DL-2A.
   Первый Orion поступил в компанию "Bowen Air Lines" (Форт-Уорт, штат Техас) в мае 1931 года. Самолеты Orion летали еще в 12 авиакомпаниях США. Правительство Испанской республики в 1936 году купило не менее 13 самолетов у разных владельцев для своих ВВС, они принимали участие в гражданской войне.

Варианты

   Orion 9: исходный серийный вариант с 410-сильным мотором Pratt & Whitney Wasp A или 420-сильным Wasp C; построено 14
   Orion 9A Special: один самолет с мотором Wasp SC мощностью 450 л.с. и несколько измененным фюзеляжем
   Orion 9B: два самолета с мотором Wright R-1820-E Cyclone мощностью 575 л.с.; поставлены Швейцарии
   Orion 9C: один модернизированный Altair DL-2A
   Orion 9D: серийный вариант с доработанным фюзеляжем, изначально оснащался мотором Wasp S1D1; построено 13
   Orion 9E: три самолета, близкие к исходному Orion 9, но с мотором Wasp SC1 мощностью 450 л. с.
   Orion 9F: один самолет повышенной комфортабельности с мотором Wright R-1820-F2 Cyclone мощностью 645 л. с.
   Orion 9F-1: один самолет повышенной комфортабельности с мотором Wright SR-1820-F2 Cyclone мощностью 650 л. с.
   UC-85: обозначение одного Orion 9D, закупленного в июне 1942 года ВВС Армии США
   Orion-Explorer: обозначение Orion 9E с замененным после аварии крылом, неубираемым шасси и мотором Wasp S3H1 мощностью 600 л. с.; позже установлено поплавковое шасси; на самолете в таком виде предприняли попытку кругосветного перелета Вилли Пост и Билл Роджерс - 15 августа 1935 года они погибли на Аляске

ТАКТИКО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ

   Lockheed Orion 9D

   Тип: легкий пассажирский самолет
   Силовая установка: один звездообразный мотор Pratt & Whitney Wasp S1D1 мощностью 550 л. с. (410 кВт)
   Летные характеристики: крейсерская скорость 330 км/ч; практический потолок 6705 м; дальность 1159 км
   Масса: пустого 1651 кг; максимальная взлетная 2359 кг
   Размеры: размах крыла 13,04 м; длина 8,64 м; высота 2,95 м; площадь крыла 27,32 м2

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Flight, May 1932

SPEEDING UP OF THE AIR MAIL
"Swissair" Company puts New Machines on Zurich - Vienna Route

   FOR the first time in the history of commercial flying American aircraft are being used on an European air route. The route in question is, as recorded in FLIGHT of February 5, 1932, that between Zurich and Vienna, via Munich, and the company which operates it is the Swiss company "Swissair."
   Hitherto, what with relatively long stops at Munich, the route speed has been low, 142 km./h. (88.2 m.p.h.). By putting the new fast machines on the route the speed has been increased to the somewhat impressive figure of 260 km./h. (161 m.p.h.). It should be realised that this is the actual time-table speed, i.e., the speed made good over the route, including the stop at Munich. By cutting down the time for refuelling a further saving in time is, of course, obtained, so that the increased route speed is not due entirely to the higher cruising speed of the new American machines, but in part to the shorter stay at Munich.
   The time-table drawn up for the "Swissair" express service between Zurich and Vienna is as follows: Leave Zurich 9.10 a.m.; arrive Munich 10.10 a.m.; distance, 150 miles. Leave Munich 10.20 a.m.; arrive Vienna 11.40 a.m.; distance, 229 miles. The times for the return journey are: Leave Vienna 2.15 a.m.; arrive Munich 3.55. Leave Munich 4.05 p.m.; arrive Zurich 5.10 p.m.
   The Zurich business man with business to transact in Vienna is thus able to leave in the morning, attend to his affairs in Vienna (the stay is of approximately two hours, allowing for the journeys to and from the aerodrome). At Munich the time available between the arrival of the machine in the morning and its return to Zurich in the afternoon is even longer. It is believed that the number of business men who will wish to avail themselves of this new rapid travel will be such that on most flights the machine will carry its full complement of four passengers.
   The new express air service came into operation on May 2, and the machines used (two) are, as previously recorded in FLIGHT, Lockheed "Orions," with 575-h.p. Wright "Cyclone" engine. The machines are low-wing cantilever monoplanes, and have retractable undercarriages operated hydraulically.
   The main data relating to the Lockheed "Orion" are as follows :- Length o.a., 8.50 m. (27 ft. 10 in.); wing span, 13.0 m. (42 ft. 7 in.); wing area, 27.3 m 2 (294 sq. ft.); tare weight, 1 630 kg. (3,585 lb.); disposable load, 820 kg. (1,805 lb.); gross weight, 2 450 kg. (5,390 lb.); wing loading, 18.35 lb./sq.ft.; power loading, 9.38 lb./h.p.
   The maximum speed of the "Orion" is given as 365 km./h. (227 m.p.h.), the cruising speed as 290 km./h. (180 m.p.h.), and the landing speed as 96 km./h. (60 m.p.h.). Probably landing speed is nearer 75 m.p.h. The nominal power expenditure per paying passenger appears very high, but as the cruising speed is a large percentage below the maximum speed, it is fair to assume that the power required at cruising speed is a comparatively small percentage of the maximum power, so that the actual power used for cruising is probably nothing like as extravagant as the maximum power figure would indicate.

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Описание:Description:

Lockheed 9 Orion
Flight, May 1932
SPEEDING UP OF THE AIR MAIL

Мировая Авиация 174
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NC12225 [3]
После закупки у компании "Lockheed" шести Lockheed 9 Orion "Varney Air Service" сменила название на "Varney Speed Lanes Air Services". Самолеты в основном доставляли почту, позже авиакомпанию еще раз переименовали - в "Continental".
Aeroplane Monthly 1979-02 / Lockheed Orion 9C /Preservation Profile/ (70)
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: CH-167 [14], NR12222 [14]
My photos 2010-03 / Switzerland - Luzern - Verkehrshaus der Schweiz
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: CH-167 [14], NR12222 [14]
My photos 2010-03 / Switzerland - Luzern - Verkehrshaus der Schweiz
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: CH-167 [14], NR12222 [14]
My photos 2010-03 / Switzerland - Luzern - Verkehrshaus der Schweiz
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: CH-167 [14], NR12222 [14]
Air-Britain Archive 1998-04 / Extracts
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NC12225 [3]
HIGH-SPEED AIR SERVICES: Varney Speed Lines, Ltd., operate a high-speed passenger and mail service between Los Angeles and San Francisco, a distance of 375 miles. Lockheed "Orion" monoplanes (450-h.p. Pratt & Whitney "Wasp") - one of which, "North Wind," is shown here - are used, and accomplish the journey in 1 hr. 58 min. at a speed of about 182 m.p.h.
Sister ship to NC12226 "East Wind" which crashed 25.3.33 was Varney Speed Lanes Lockheed Orion NC12225 'North Wind" seen with the all-white high gloss finish with vermillion markings and trim carried by all six Varney Orions. The six-passenger cabin monoplane with retractable undercarriage was a leader in its field.
Air International 1995-11 / G.Jones - Northwest is Northbest
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NC12225 [3]
Lockheed Orion at Grand Central Air Terminal, Glendale, Los Angeles. Northwest added these six-passenger 178kts airliners to its fleet in 1934.
Aeroplane Monthly 1979-02 / Lockheed Orion 9C /Preservation Profile/ (70)
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NR12222 [14], CH-167 [14]
As NR12222 Shellightning, at North Beach Airport, New York, about 1938.
Air International 1987-03 / R.Braybrook - The Sixties, the Thirties and the American Challenge
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NR12283 [2]
The Lockheed Orion (shown) and Vultee V-1a were among the advanced single-engine low-wing designs that demonstrated the ability of the US aircraft industry to achieve good ratios of useful load to max take-off weight in the mid-thirties.
Flight 1938-09 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NR12222 [14], CH-167 [14]
Paul Mantz's Lockheed Orion is one of the few with a metal fuselage.
Aeroplane Monthly 1987-03 / D.Jones - Hollywood pilot
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NR12222 [14], CH-167 [14]
Piloted by Mantz, the Orion was placed third in both the 1938 and 1939 Bendix air races.
Aeroplane Monthly 1987-03 / D.Jones - Hollywood pilot
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NR12222 [14], CH-167 [14]
Lockheed 9C Orion NC12222, formerly Doolittle's Shellightning, became the flagship of the Mantz fleet in 1937.
Air International 1988-01 / Model enthusiast
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NR12222 [14], CH-167 [14]
Aeroplane Monthly 1979-02 / Lockheed Orion 9C /Preservation Profile/ (70)
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NR12222 [14], CH-167 [14]
During its subsequent civil career, as N12222.
Aeroplane Monthly 1979-02 / Lockheed Orion 9C /Preservation Profile/ (70)
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: CH-167 [14], NR12222 [14]
Up for auction in American Airlines markings, Santa Ana, May 1968.
Flight 1934-08 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NC13747
"Orion" ("Wasp" S1D1).
Air-Britain Archive 1999-03 / Extracts
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NR14222 [2]
Laura Ingalls standing in the cockpit of her coast-to-coast record breaking black Lockheed Orion 9D Special NR14222 c/n 211 "Auto-da-Fe". This version was a special racer with no cabin seats, extra tankage and the cabin windows painted over. The diminutive pilot was the holder of various other records and aviation achievements.
Het Vliegveld: 12.07.35: Laura Ingalls establishes a new female US coast-to-coast record by flying from Newark, NJ to Burbank, CA in 18 hours 20 min.
Het Vliegveld: 12.07.35: Laura Ingalls ordered Lockheed Orion 9D Special c/n 211 NR14222 in which she intended to compete in the 1934 MacRobertson England-Australia race but it was not ready in time. Powered by a supercharged 550 hp P&W Wasp S1D1, it had a 650 US gal fuel tank in place of cabin seating, was finished in black overall and named "Auto-da-Fe" (Act of Faith). Her first solo coast-to-coast record attempt had to be abandoned owing to a dust storm over Colorado, the second was delayed for a week following a foot injury.
Finally she left Floyd Bennett Field, New York (not Newark) on 11.7.35 landing at Burbank, California 18 hours 19 minutes later, setting not only a women's record but also beating Frank Hawks' solo record. The return flight to break Amelia Earhart's record was made on 12.9.35 in 13 hours 34 minutes. Ingalls also flew the Orion to second place in the 1936 Bendix Trophy Race after which it was sold via Rudolph Wolf to the Spanish Republicans and was written-off in Spain.
Air-Britain Archive 2000-01 / Extracts
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NR14222 [2]
Laura Ingalls awaits replacement of the cowlings after a check of the 550 hp P&W Wasp S1D1 9-cyl radial engine on her Lockheed Orion 9D Special c/n 211 NR14222 'Auto da Fe". In it she came 2nd in the 1936 Bendix Race. Instead of the normal 6 passenger seats the cabin contained extra fuel tanks, bringing the total capacity to 650 gal. With the Orion she broke the women's US non-stop coast to coast East to West record with a time of 18 hr 19 min in July 1935 and in September she broke the record in the opposite direction.
Мировая Авиация 174
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NC12283
Этот NC12283 ранее использовался в "Air Express" для доставки грузов, но затем был по заказу TWA переделан в пассажирский. Самолет эксплуатировался авиакомпанией несколько лет, прежде чем его фюзеляж был использован для постройки варианта Orion-Explorer, на котором разбились Вили Пост и Билл Роджерс.
Flight 1932-05 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: CH-168 [2]
The Lockheed "Orion" used by Swissair on its high-speed services.
Aeroplane Monthly 1982-10
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: CH-167 [14], NR12222 [14]
The beautifully finished Lockheed Orion 9C CH-167 was rebuilt in 1977, and is seen here with a Swissair DC-10. The Orion now resides in the Swiss Transport Museum at Lucerne, Switzerland.

Другие самолёты на фотографии: Another planes on the photo: McDonnell Douglas DC-10 - СШАUSA - 1970
Air Enthusiast 2001-07 / C.Justo - Ten Out of Ten
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: CH-167 [14], NR12222 [14]
Orion 9B CH-167, one of a pair delivered to Swissair in 1932.
Air International 1987-07 / Talkback

The "Lady Southern Cross” in company with a Vega and an Orion.

Другие самолёты на фотографии: Another planes on the photo: Lockheed Sirius / Altair 8 - СШАUSA - 1929 Lockheed Vega - СШАUSA - 1927
Aeroplane Monthly 1979-02 / Lockheed Orion 9C /Preservation Profile/ (70)
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: CH-167 [14], NR12222 [14]
After restoration for the Swiss Transport Museum, August 1978.
Flight 1932-06 / Flight

The Lockheed "Orion" of Swissair landing at Le Bourget Aerodrome
Flight 1932-05 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: CH-168 [2]
WITH UNDERCARRIAGE RETRACTED: One of the Lockheed "Orions" of the "Swissair" company as it appears in flight.
Мировая Авиация 32
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: NR12283 [2]
Уникальный Orion-Explorer соединил в себе фюзеляж Orion и крыло недостроенного Model 7. Уили Пост и Уилл Роджерс погибли на этой машине во время кругосветного полета.
Мир Авиации 1995-02 / М.Маслов - Чарльз Линдберг в СССР /Перелеты/

Lockheed Orion Ч.Линдберга на Москве-реке, 25 октября 1933г.
Aeroplane Monthly 1983-01 / B.Gunston - The classic aero engines (5)

A Lockheed Orion with its Wasp uncowled and propless.
Flight 1931-05 / Flight

View showing the undercarriage operation of the "Orion"
Flight 1934-10 / Flight

Другие самолёты на фотографии: Another planes on the photo: Airspeed Courier / AS.5 - ВеликобританияUnited Kingdom - 1933 Airspeed Envoy / AS.6 - ВеликобританияUnited Kingdom - 1934 Boeing Model 247 - СШАUSA - 1933 Douglas DC-1 / DC-2 / C-32 / C-39 - СШАUSA - 1933 Fairey Fairey IIIF - ВеликобританияUnited Kingdom - 1926 Koolhoven FK-41 - НидерландыNetherlands - 1928 Messerschmitt Bf.108 Taifun - ГерманияGermany - 1934 Miles Hawk / M.2 - ВеликобританияUnited Kingdom - 1932 Pander S-4 Postjager - НидерландыNetherlands - 1933
Flight 1934-08 / Flight

"Orion" ("Wasp" S1D1).
Aeroplane Monthly 1979-02 / Lockheed Orion 9C /Preservation Profile/ (70)

ФотографииPhotos

Фотографии Photos