Описание
Страна : Великобритания
Год : 1916
Одноместный истребитель
Bristol Type 10,11, 20 и 77 M.1 Monoplane Scout
Преимущество германских монопланов Fokker серии "Е" над недостаточно вооруженными бипланами Королевского летного корпуса (RFC) показало, что последний нуждается в одноместном истребителе с хорошей маневренностью и отличными летными качествами. Проект Фрэнка Барнвелла из "Bristol" представлял собой самолет с ротативным двигателем, заключенным в плотный обтекатель с большим полусферическим коком воздушного винта.
Прототип Bristol М.1А Monoplane Scout (Type 10) был построен на частные средства и впервые поднялся в воздух 14 июля 1916 года .В том же месяце М.1А прошел испытания в центральной летной школе в Упавоне, и 9 октября Военное министерство подписало контракт на приобретение M.1А и строительство еще четырех самолетов. Последние получили обозначение М.1В (Type 11) и отличались рядом незначительных усовершенствований, включая установку пулемета Vickers на крыле с левого борта. Первые два М.1В были переданы в декабре 1916 года и январе 1917 года; они оснащались ротативными двигателями Clerget мощностью 110 л.с. Третий самолет, поступивший на вооружение в феврале 1917 года, имел двигатель Clerget мощностью 130 л.с. Четвертый самолет поступил в марте 1917 года и был оснащен двигателем Bentley A.R.I мощностью 150 л.с.
Посадочная скорость в 79 км/ч, достигнутая во время испытаний в центральной летной школе, оказалась слишком большой для маленьких аэродромов Франции, поэтому Monoplane Scout никогда не использовался на Западном фронте. Производственный заказ был размещен в августе 1917 года, но число выпущенных машин достигло лишь 30, и только часть из них поступила в несколько эскадрилий Македонии, Палестины и Месопотамии. Остальные использовались в летных школах или в качестве персональных машин старших офицеров, а шесть были переданы правительству Чили в 1917 году. Другие шесть машин по окончании Первой мировой войны были переделаны для использования в качестве гражданских; один сохранился в Миналтоне, недалеко от Аделаиды, Австралия.
Варианты
Type 20 М.1С Monoplane Scout: заказано 125 серийных машин этой модификации, они оснащались двигателем Le Rhone мощностью 110 л.с.(82 кВт); пулемет Vickers был перемещен на осевую линию фюзеляжа, впереди от пилота
Type 77 М.1D Monoplane Scout: обозначение было присвоено одному из четырех прототипов М.1В после установки в 1922 году звездообразного двигателя Bristol Lucifer мощностью 100 л.с. (75 кВт)
ТАКТИКО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ
Bristol Type 20 М.1С Monoplane Scout
Тип: одноместный истребитель
Силовая установка: один ротативный двигатель Le Rhone 9J мощностью 110 л. с. (82 кВт)
Летные характеристики: максимальная скорость на уровне моря 209 км/ч; набор высоты 3050 м- за 10 мин 10 с; практический потолок 6095 м; продолжительность полета 1 ч 45 мин
Масса: пустого 406 кг; максимальная взлетная 611 кг
Размеры: размах крыла 9,37 м; длина 6,24 м; высота 2,37 м; площадь крыла 13,47 м2
Вооружение: один 7,7-мм пулемет Vickers на неподвижной установке в передней верхней части фюзеляжа
- Описание
Фотографии
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Мировая Авиация 74
Регистрационный номер: G-EAVP [6] После установки двигателя Lucifer на самолет М.1С появилась гоночная модификация М.1D Monoplane. Самолет пользовался большим успехом, но разбился во время соревнований "Grosvenor Cup Race" в 1923 году.
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Aeroplane Monthly 1978-08 / Bristol M.1C /Preservation Profile/ (64)
Регистрационный номер: C5001 [6], VH-UQI [6] -
Aeroplane Monthly 2001-11 / Navigator
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] Bristol M.1C “C4918”, seen here being flown by “Dodge” Bailey, has been a popular performer at Shuttleworth shows this season.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2000-12 / News
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] A DOUBLE FIRST occurred at Old Warden on September 25, 2000, when Shuttleworth Collection Southern Martlet G-AAYX flew for the first time after a long restoration, and Bristol M.1C reproduction G-BWJM/“C4918", built by Northern Aeroplane Workshops, made its first ever flight.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] Shuttleworth Collection chief pilot Andy Sephton flying Bristol M.1C G-BWJM/"C4918” over the aircraft's base at Old Warden Aerodrome in Bedfordshire.
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Aeroplane Monthly 1997-06 / M.Oakey - Vintage news
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] Northern Aeroplane Workshops handed Bristol M.1C flying replica “C4918” over to Shuttleworth at the new Skopos motor museum at Batley on April 12, 1997. Eyecatchingly painted in the red-brown PC 12 finish of a 72 Sqn aircraft serving in Mesopotamia in 1918, it should be at Old Warden by mid-season.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] "C4918" takes pride of place among the classic cars at the Skopos Motor Museum in Batley in 1997.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
The prototype Bristol M.1A monoplane first appeared in July 1916; note the early hoop-shaped cabane struts. In the middle of the group at right is Sir George White, founder of the Bristol Aeroplane Company.
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Air International 1996-03 / R.Whitford - Fundamentals of Fighter Design (2)
The Bristol M.1C Bullet which first flew in 1916 was an aerodynamically clean monoplane and achieved 114kts with only 80kW from its le Rhone rotary engine. However, it succumbed to technical opposition by virtue of the monoplane’s supposed lack of structural integrity. Only 125 were built and relegated to operations in secondary theatres of war.
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Flight 1940-02 / Flight
The first monoplane fighter. Note the large spinner over the rotary engine. 1916
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Flight 1930-01 / Flight
The little monoplane is a "Bristol," and was flown in several races after the war, winning one of them (Aerial Derby) piloted by the late Larry Carter. The almost totally enclosed rotary engine is an interesting feature.
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Aeroplane Monthly 1990-03 / Personal album. Civil
Регистрационный номер: G-EAER [3], C4964 [3] Seen competing in the 1919 Aerial Derby at Hendon in June 1919 is this partially-converted Bristol M.1C flown by owner Maj Chichester Smith. Formerly C4964, this M.1C was registered G-EAER shortly before the race. Numbered 12 for the Aerial Derby, it developed a problem with its 110 h.p. le Rhone rotary engine and was forced to retire.
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Air-Britain Aeromilitaria 1991-04 / Picture pages
Регистрационный номер: C4964 [3], G-EAER [3] Bristol M. 1C C4964 was shipped to Australia where it became the mount of Captain Harry Butler. Painted red, it carried the name Red Devil and was used to give aerobatic displays. After the death of Butler, it was bought by Horrie Miller who installed a Gipsy I engine and rebuilt the fuselage to be flat-sided. It was refused a C of A in 1936 and in 1958 returned to Butler's home town of Minlaton, SA, where it was placed in a museum to his memory. Now rebuilt to original standards, it carries RAF markings and its original serial and is on display in a special exhibition hall at Minlaton.
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Aeroplane Monthly 1998-10 / R.Riding - A Broad experience (1)
Регистрационный номер: C5002 Bristol M.1C C5002 of No 2 Flying School, Marske. While on a course at Marske in 1918, Broad flew sister aircraft C5003. He found it simple to handle, but rather difficult to loop.
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Jane's All the World Aircraft 1980 / Encyclopedia of Aviation - Aircraft A-Z - v2
Регистрационный номер: C5008 Bristol M.1C monoplane.
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Air Enthusiast 1997-05 / B.Cumming - Triple DSC
Регистрационный номер: C5012 Bristol M.1C Monoplane C5012, possibly attached to the School of Aerial Gunnery and Fighting at Freiston when Joe Fall was stationed there.
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Aeroplane Monthly 1991-02 / Personal album. Military
Регистрационный номер: A5140 A5140, the second of four Bristol M.1Bs built, at Filton in December 1916. Although allotted to the RFC in France in February 1917, it never went there, joining 111 Sqn in Palestine instead. In the background of this picture is what appears to be a B.E.2d fitted with B.E.2e-style unequal-span wings.
Другие самолёты на фотографии: RAF B.E.2e - Великобритания - 1916
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Aeroplane Monthly 1978-08 / Bristol M.1C /Preservation Profile/ (64)
Регистрационный номер: C5001 [6], VH-UQI [6] As it is today, repainted and with a Le Rhone rotary refitted
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Air Pictorial 1957-11 / Photos by request
Регистрационный номер: C4964 [3], VH-UQI [6], C5001 [6], G-EAER [3] MORE BRISTOL M.1Cs. In the July issue of Air Pictorial, J. M. Bruce described the Bristol M.1C and made passing reference to the Gipsy-powered version. Bristol Press Dept.'s Philip Moyes has discovered a photograph of VH-UQI fitted with a hybrid D.H. Gipsy II/III inline. It is believed to be the same airframe (lower) as flown by Major Chichester-Smith in the 1921 Aerial Derby. This M.1C (R.A.F. serial C4964) possessed the non-standard, faired headrest also seen on VH-UQI. The Australian M.1C was purchased in England by Capt. H. Butler, and was used for exhibition flying over several years. After his death the M.1C was stored in a garage roof until purchased by Mr. H. Miller who initially re-engined it with a Gipsy I; winning the 1932 Australian Aerial Derby.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2001-11 / Navigator
Регистрационный номер: VH-UQI [6], C5001 [6] The "Veteran" Bristol monoplane in flight. With a Gipsy engine, being flown by Horrie Miller late in 1931
R.A. White submits a cutting from the September 1933 Popular Flying on H. Miller’s Bristol M.1C Monoplane VH-UQI, which, after fitting a D.H. Gipsy I engine, he entered in the Australian Air Derby for two years, coming first each time but being disqualified on the second for “exceeding the speed estimate”. Mr White wonders what the qualifying speed would have been, and what became of VH-UQI. I can answer the last question - it is preserved at the Captain Harry Butler Memorial at Minlaton, South Australia, in a purpose-built structure opened in 1958 and has been restored with a le Rhone radial engine to its original configuration. Harry Butler had brought two M.1Cs to Australia, one in 1919 and a second later. -
Aeroplane Monthly 1978-08 / Bristol M.1C /Preservation Profile/ (64)
Регистрационный номер: VH-UQI [6], C5001 [6] On display at Minlaton after restoration in 1957
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Air Pictorial 1958-01
A Bristol M.1 fighter of World War I painted overall with feathers is another of the strangely-decorated aircraft of the period.
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Aeroplane Monthly 1999-06 / P.Jarrett - Creatures of the air /Strange plumage/
Регистрационный номер: C5025 Finely fledged Bristol M.1C Scout C5025 was one of several given garish colour schemes by the Royal Flying Corps’ Schools of Aerial Fighting in the UK, where the type was evidently popular with instructors despite its rejection for use by fighter squadrons on the Western Front. This particular machine, the last M.1C to be built, was with No 3 Fighting School at Bircham Newton. The unit’s Chief Fighting Instructor, Maj H. H. Balfour (the late Lord Balfour of Inchrye), who flew the aircraft, recalled that the scheme was applied by Mr Shepperson, an artist with the satirical magazine Punch, whose son was a flight commander with No 3 FS.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C5014 [2] Bristol M.1C C5014 wore a dazzling crosshatch-and-sunburst colour scheme, typical of the personal aircraft used by RFC flying instructors.
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Aeroplane Monthly 1983-03 / ??? - Check mates
Регистрационный номер: C4995 Bristol Monoplane C4995, named The Lilac Domino, was probably the personal aircraft of Maj P. Q. Studd, DSO, and it ended its days when written off in a crash near Stonehenge in 1918.
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Aeroplane Monthly 1979-08 / ??? - Thorpe park
Регистрационный номер: C4912 [3], C4994 [3], G-BLWM [3] Replica Bristol M.1C C4912.
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Aeroplane Monthly 1978-08 / Bristol M.1C /Preservation Profile/ (64)
Регистрационный номер: C5001 [6], VH-UQI [6] Butler and Kauper after buying C5001, at Waddon in July 1919
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Aeroplane Monthly 1987-08 / M.Oakey - Grapevine
Регистрационный номер: C4912 [3], G-BLWM [3], C4994 [3] Don Cashmore's beautiful Bristol M.1C replica, G-BLWM, flew for the first time on June 21, 1987. It carries the serial C4912, which originally belonged to an M.1C serving with 150 Sqn at Salonika in 1918.
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Aeroplane Monthly 1978-12 / R.Halley - Per Ardua ad India
Preparing for departure. The popular practice of putting the smallest available machine next to the biggest has been adopted, with a Bristol M.1C monoplane playing the part of “David” in this instance.
Другие самолёты на фотографии: Handley Page H.P.15 (V/1500) - Великобритания - 1918
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Air-Britain Aeromilitaria 1993-02 / Handley Page O/400
Регистрационный номер: C5014 [2] C3498 visiting No. 32 TDS, Montrose, with a gaily-painted Bristol M.1C C5014 for scale
Другие самолёты на фотографии: Handley Page H.P.12 (O/400) - Великобритания - 1917
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Flight 1922-04 / Flight
The Bristol "Lucifer" 100 h.p. engine, mounted in the very pretty little Bristol monoplane flown by Mr. Uwins. Considering that this engine has three cylinders only, it runs very smoothly and evenly.
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Flight 1923-06 / Flight
The Grosvenor Cup. In Birmingham Control. The late Major Foot, M.C., indulging in a cigarette just before leaving. This is probably one of the last photographs ever taken of this greatly-loved pilot
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Flight 1922-08 / Flight
Регистрационный номер: G-EAVP [6] THE AERIAL DERBY: The Bristol Monoplane, 100 h.p. Bristol "Lucifer."
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Flight 1922-09 / Flight
Регистрационный номер: G-EAVP [6] Bristol Monoplane, 100 h.p. Bristol "Lucifer."
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Flight 1930-01 / Flight
Typical Aerial Derby machine: Bristol "Bullet" (400 h.p. Bristol "Jupiter").
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Flight 1922-04 / Flight
Регистрационный номер: G-EAVP [6] AT THE CROYDON MEETING ON EASTER MONDAY: Uwins getting off on the Bristol monoplane, with 100 h.p. Bristol "Lucifer" engine.
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Flight 1922-06 / Flight
Регистрационный номер: G-EAVP [6] AIR RACING AT WADDON: Uwins, on the Bristol monoplane, 100 h.p. Bristol "Lucifer" engine, winning the First Whitsuntide Handicap.
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Flight 1939-03 / Flight
Регистрационный номер: G-EAVP [6] PROM THE AERIAL DERBY: L. L. Carter crosses the finishing line as first man home and winner of the Derby Handicap.
A Bristol monoplane with Lucifer engine was a low-power version of the military monoplane.
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Flight 1923-06 / Flight
THE GROSVENOR CHALLENGE CUP: Preparing some of the machines before the start at Lympne. From left to right may be seen the Sopwith "Gnu" (Longton), the Bristol monoplane (Foot), and a 504K Avro (Hamersley).
Другие самолёты на фотографии: Avro Avro 504 - Великобритания - 1913Sopwith Gnu - Великобритания - 1919
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Flight 1920-04 / Flight
The Bristol "family" at Home. Left to right: The Bristol Babe, the Bristol monoplane, the Bristol Badger, the Bristol Fighter, the Bristol Tourer and the Bristol Pullman triplane
Другие самолёты на фотографии: Bristol Babe - Великобритания - 1919Bristol Braemar / Pullman - Великобритания - 1918Bristol F.2A/F.2B Fighter - Великобритания - 1916Bristol F.2C / Badger - Великобритания - 1919Bristol Tourer - Великобритания - 1919
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Flight 1939-03 / Flight
The Bristol “family” of 1920. From left to right the types are the Tourer, the Scout type F, the Babe, the monoplane, and the “Brisfit.” Behind them all is the huge Pullman passenger-carrier.
Другие самолёты на фотографии: Bristol Babe - Великобритания - 1919Bristol Braemar / Pullman - Великобритания - 1918Bristol F.2A/F.2B Fighter - Великобритания - 1916Bristol Scout E / F - Великобритания - 1918Bristol Tourer - Великобритания - 1919
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Aeroplane Monthly 1989-11 / M.Oakey - Grapevine
Регистрационный номер: C4994 [3], G-BLWM [3], C4912 [3] At Cardington, work on the RAF Museum's Bristol M.1C replica is nearing completion, and the fuselage has been repainted by John Wadham with the dramatic red dragon insignia of RFC training school aircraft C4994 circa 1917-18. Originally built by Don Cashmore and flown briefly as "C4912"/G-BLWM 2yr ago, the replica has had its Warner Scarab engine replaced by a 110 h.p. le Rhone rotary from museum stock, and should be on display at Hendon in time for Christmas.
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Aeroplane Monthly 1990-05 / M.Oakey - Grapevine
The uncovered frame of the airworthy member of the trio, a Bristol M.1C which commemorates the first aerial crossing of the Andes, in 1918. Fitted with a Warner Scarab radial (seen here) for flying, the aircraft will later be fitted with a replica le Rhone rotary for static display. A Chilean TV company is interested in re-enacting part of the Andes flight for a documentary.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] ABOVE LEFT Both wings assembled and the fuselage under way on the table at left, at Mirfield in 1991.
ABOVE RIGHT The fuselage, with wicker pilot's seat in place, in September 1992.
BELOW The fuselage with pyramidal cabane struts installed over the cockpit and tailplane (yet to be covered) and fin added. -
Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] Trevor Foreman in the "office", with Bob Richardson at far right. The polythene tent was heated to a suitable temperature for doping.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] Glowing woodwork and gleaming metal: the high standard of workmanship in this project is evident.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] The partly-covered fuselage - note the firewall and the gravity fuel tank (black) in front of the cabane pylon.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] Wings covered and fitted, and rigged with lift- and landing wires.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] March 1996, and two of the four fabric segments have now been applied to the fuselage, which resides in the heated "doping tent".
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] The cockpit area, with the instrument panel awaiting final installation. The front of the main fuel tank may be seen at lower right behind the seat.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] The tail area in March 1996, with rigging and control wires in place, and fuselage side fabric still to be applied.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] Alec Hodgins and Stan Summerscales get to grips with bracing wires and the instrument panel in 1993.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] Stan Summerscales of the Northern Aeroplane Workshops at work, building the Bristol M.1C
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] The late Eric Barraclough, the project's linchpin, covering the port wing in October 1993.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] It is summer 1996; the fuselage is covered and doped, and Eric Barraclough is painting the RFC roundels.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] Albert Sugden shapes some timber for the project in January 1993.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] The wheels, made by the Motor Wheel Services & Repair Co of London, had motorbike tyres from which the tread was ground off.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] Finishing touch: "Palmer Cord Aero Tyre" is added from a stencil.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] The 110 h.p. le Rhone rotary engine installation; Shuttleworth supplied the powerplant for the project.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] The fuselage, with engine and cowling in place, nears completion in summer 1996.
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Aeroplane Monthly 2002-02 / I.Frimston - Made in Yorkshire /In the workshop/
Регистрационный номер: C4918 [23], G-BWJM [23] Moving on: the aircraft leaves the NAW workshop at Mirfield for static display at the Skopos Motor Museum in nearby Batley, before going south to its permanent flying base at Old Warden.
- Фотографии
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