Blackburn Botha / B-26

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Страна Country: ВеликобританияUnited Kingdom

Год Year: 1938

Разведчик, бомбардировщик-торпедоносец и учебно-тренировочный самолет с четырьмя членами экипажа

Авиаколлекция Морские самолеты палубного и берегового базирования 1939-1945

Botha / B-26

Бомбардировщик-торпедоносец и морской разведчик, двухмоторный цельнометаллический моноплан; убирающееся шасси. Создан в КБ фирмы "Блэкберн эйркрафт". Первый опытный экземпляр самолета поднялся в воздух 28 ноября 1938 г. "Бота" строился серийно с июля 1939 г. на заводах "Блэкберн" в Бру и Дамбэртоне. Всего изготовлено 580 экз.
Экипаж 4 чел. Моторы "Персеус" X (на поздних сериях "Персеус" ХА). Вооружение 2x7,69, бомбы до 900 кг или одна торпеда внутри бомбоотсека.
Самолет состоял на вооружении Берегового командования Королевских ВВС с октября 1939 г. Использовался как дальний разведчик в Северном море и Атлантике с баз в Великобритании до апреля 1941 г., далее служил как учебная машина и буксировщик мишеней.
Производство прекращено в 1941 г. "Бота" официально был снят с вооружения в августе 1943 г., но отдельные экземпляры летали до сентября 1944 г.

"Бота" I||
Размах:||17,99 м
Длина:||15,5 м
Моторы, количество х мощность:||2x930 л.с.
Взлетная масса, максимальная:||8300 кг
Максимальная скорость:||352 км/ч
Практический потолок:||5125 м
Дальность:||2030 км

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Blackburn B-26 Botha

Когда Министерство авиации Великобритании выпустило спецификацию М.15/35 на двухмоторный бомбардировщик, разведчик и торпедоносец с экипажем из трех человек, заявки подали фирмы "Blackburn" и "Bristol". Оба проекта предусматривали применение силовой установки из двух звездообразных двигателей Bristol Perseus. По новой спецификации 10/36 потребовалось увеличение экипажа до четырех человек, что привело к изменениям проектов. Заказаны были обе машины под обозначениями Blackburn B-26 Botha и Bristol Beaufort.
   В 1936 году был размещен заказ на 442 машины Botha. Первый серийный самолет взлетел 28 декабря 1938 года с двигателями Perseus X мощностью 880 л. с. (656 кВт). В ходе испытаний на самолете изменили хвостовое оперение для улучшения продольного управления. ВВС начали получать Botha Mk I с 12 декабря 1939 года.
   В начале 1940 года с этими самолетами произошло несколько неожиданных катастроф. Botha раскритиковали за недостатки конструкции и низкую энерговооруженность. Позже двигатели заменили на более мощные Perseus Mk ХА и провели ряд других доработок. Но это не решило проблему. Недобор мощности привел к тому, что Botha перевели в учебные подразделения, где также продолжались катастрофы. Несколько Botha оборудовали лебедками и использовали в качестве буксировщиков мишеней под обозначением Botha TT.Mk I.
   Всего было выпущено 580 самолетов.

ТАКТИКО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ

   Blackburn Botha Mk I

   Тип: разведчик, бомбардировщик-торпедоносец и учебно-тренировочный самолет с четырьмя членами экипажа
   Силовая установка: звездообразный двигатель Bristol Perseus ХА мощностью 930 л. с. (694 кВт)
   Характеристики: максимальная скорость 401 км/ч на 1675 м; крейсерская скорость 341 км/ч на 4570 м; начальная скороподъемность 300 м/мин; практический потолок 5335 м; дальность полета 2044 км
   Масса: пустого самолета 5366 кг; максимальная взлетная 8369 кг
   Размеры: размах крыла 17,98 м; длина 15,56 м; высота 4,46 м; площадь крыла 48,12 м2
   Вооружение: неподвижный курсовой пулемет Vickers калибра 7,7 мм в передней части фюзеляжа, два пулемета Lewis калибра 7,7 мм в турели наверху фюзеляжа, одна торпеда, обычные или глубинные бомбы общим весом до 907 кг на внутренней подвеске

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Flight, January 1941

THE “BOTHA” I

First Details of Blackburn General Reconnaissance and Torpedo Bomber

  THE Blackburn "Botha" I, a general-purpose torpedo bomber, is a twin-engined, high-wing, cantilever monoplane. The engines are Bristol "Perseus" Mark XA sleeve-valve radials, carried in nacelles formed below the main plane. The machine is of all-metal construction (with the exception of fabric covering on some of the control surfaces) and carries a crew of four. The fuselage is a monocoque structure, flush-riveted construction being employed throughout. An enclosed cabin houses the crew, consisting of pilot, navigator/bomb aimer, wireless operator and gunner; a gangway extends along the starboard side of the cabin, permitting intercommunication between forward and rear positions. Access to the cabin and pilot’s seat is through a large door on the starboard side.
  The pilot’s seat is situated to the port side of the forward end of the cabin, the bomb aimer’s prone position being to the starboard side.
  The main plane is composed of three principal sections, the centre section, which carries the engine nacelles, and the two outer sections. The centre section is parallel in plan, while the outer sections taper considerably towards the tips, which are rounded.
  Balanced ailerons extend along a portion of the trailing edges of the outer sections, and flaps along the trailing edges of the centre section. The flaps are hydraulically operated and may be used to improve take-off and to limit landing speed.
  The centre plane carries the two engine mountings and the undercarriage units, and also houses the main fuel and oil tanks.
  Both fin and tailplane are unbraced cantilevers of stressed-skin metal construction; the rudder and elevators are of metal construction but are fabric covered. The tailplane is placed to the rear of the vertical fin; the leading edges of the plane sweep back slightly towards the tips, the trailing edges of the elevators forming a straight line. The leading edge of the vertical fin slopes to the rear, while the trailing edge of the rudder is vertical. Tips of tailplane and rudder arc well rounded. Rudder and elevators are balanced by a combination of inset hinge and horn balance, and trimming tabs are fitted.
  The landing gear consists of separate retractable oleo-pneumatic legs carried beneath the engine nacelles and retracting into them. When the wheels are raised hydraulically, mechanically-operated doors close beneath the legs and give a smooth under surface to the nacelles. Retraction is effected by hydraulic rams, "nutcracker” type rear struts being fitted; hydraulically-operated brakes are fitted to the wheels.
  The tail wheel is mounted on an oleo-pneumatic shock-absorber strut, with caster action and friction dampers.
  The two radial engines are fitted with leading edge exhaust collector rings and are enclosed in deep-chord fairings with controllable cooling gills. Three-bladed, constant speed, controllable pitch airscrews are fitted. The rear portions of the engine nacelles, which are detachable, are mounted below the centre plane, and house the retractable undercarriage units.
  A power-operated multi-gun turret is situated on the fuselage to the rear of the main plane trailing edge. Access to it is gained from the rear of the cabin.
  The equipment of the " Botha” for marine work includes a collapsible dinghy, with inflation bottle, markers, floats, etc., in addition to the complete equipment of wireless and electrical gear.

Overall Dimensions.
Span 59ft. 0in.
Length overall 51ft. 1 1/2 in.
Height overall 14ft. 7 1/2 in.

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Описание:Description:

Авиаколлекция Морские самолеты палубного и берегового базирования 1939-1945
Blackburn B-26 Botha
Flight, January 1941
THE “BOTHA” I

Flight 1941-01 / Flight

The Blackburn Botha has Bristol Perseus sleeve-valve engines.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

Blackburn Botha on an aerodrome with some of the staff of Brooklands Aviation Ltd., who are responsible for their maintenance. The figures help to give an indication of the Botha's dimensions.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

In this view the bomb-aimer's panel, the see-behind blister on the side of the fuselage and the neat cowling of the sleeve-valved Bristol Perseus engines are all apparent.
Flight 1941-09 / Flight

TRAINEES of the W.A.A.F. are being taught service and maintenance of engines and airframes. A group of feminine flight mechanics being shown how to start and "run-up" the Perseus engines of a Blackburn Botha.
Aeroplane Monthly 1989-12 / K.Delve - Women in Air Force Blue

WAAF' mechanics being shown how to start and run-up the Perseus engines of a Blackburn Botha in 1941.
Aeroplane Monthly 1990-08 / A.Lumsden - Blackburn Botha /Take a card/ (5)

Early Bothas were powered by two 880 h.p. Bristol Perseus X radial engines. Later models were fitted with 930 h.p. Perseus XAs.
Flight 1941-01 / Flight

COASTAL COMMAND ACQUISITION: The Blackburn Botha, which is already in service as a general reconnaissance and torpedo bomber. It is powered with two 900 h.p. sleeve-valve Bristol Perseus engines. Span is 59ft.; length, 50ft. 11 1/2in.; and height, 18ft. 3in. Points of interest are the streamline power-operated twin gun turret amidships, external bomb racks under wings, twin landing lights in the port leading edge, and the backward-retracting undercarriage.
Моделист-Конструктор Морские самолеты палубного и берегового базирования Второй мировой войны / В.Котельников - Морские самолеты палубного и берегового базирования 1939-1945 /Самолеты Второй Мировой войны/ (5)

"Бота" I. 3-я разведывательная авиационная школа
Flight 1941-01 / Flight
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

Seen from the side the Botha is a very shapely aircraft, although the turret does break the body line somewhat. De Havilland metal-bladed variable-pitch airscrews are fitted.
Aeroplane Monthly 1990-08 / A.Lumsden - Blackburn Botha /Take a card/ (5)
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: W5065
Хотя Botha выпускался серийно, он оказался неудачным и в конце 1944 года был снят с вооружения.
Another No 3 SofGR Botha, W5065, photographed before delivery. Note the non-retractable navigator’s window aft of the cockpit.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

A three-quarter front view which shows the wireless mast, the landing lights in the port wing and the cooling gills, for the Bristol Perseus engines.
Flight 1941-01 / Flight
Aeroplane Monthly 1985-03 / L.Coombs - The expanding years 1936-1939 (5)
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: L6507 [2]
"Бота" в полете
A view of the Botha which makes the wing form appear to be more elliptical than it actually is. The field of fire of the twin-gun turret is also portrayed.
Botha L6507 of No 3 School of General Reconnaissance flying from Squire's Gate, Blackpool on September 4,1941.
The dreaded Botha, grossly underpowered, served with only two Coastal Command squadrons before being withdrawn from service in November 1940.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

The Botha is not in the twin-engined fighter class, yet, in the hands of a capable pilot, it can be very agile.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: L6507 [2]
That the Blackburn Botha is very manoeuvrable is shown to advantage in this picture of the start of a half roll and dive out to normal altitude.
Botha L6507 of No 3 School of General Reconnaissance flying from Squire's Gate, Blackpool on September 4,1941.
Flight 1941-01 / Flight

ENGLAND'S ICY MOUNTAINS: Three Blackburn Bothas in formation over snow-clad hills.
Air-Britain Aeromilitaria 1991-03

The airfield shown here has a few clues. It came from Hugh Brookes. Visible are two Ansons and four Henleys; the rest are Bothas.
The puzzlepic was of Evanton after this pre-war armament practice station was built up and received runways.

Другие самолёты на фотографии: Another planes on the photo: Avro Anson / Type 652 - ВеликобританияUnited Kingdom - 1935 Hawker Henley - ВеликобританияUnited Kingdom - 1937
Air-Britain Aeromilitaria 1991-04

Henleys, Bothas and Hampdens are visible on this airfield.
Last month's airfield photograph was of West Freugh which took a little research. Although JJH had been into West Freugh a couple of times in an Anson in 1945, it was not remembered as having so many hangars!

Другие самолёты на фотографии: Another planes on the photo: Handley Page Hampden / H.P.52 - ВеликобританияUnited Kingdom - 1936 Hawker Henley - ВеликобританияUnited Kingdom - 1937
Air-Britain Aeromilitaria 1984-02 / Water drops

The photographs show the Botha before and after flotation trials.
Air-Britain Aeromilitaria 1984-02 / Water drops

The photographs were taken at two-minute intervals after the drop test.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

A glance backward from the open roof above the pilot's' head. The object nearest the camera is the streamline casing of the D.F. loop aerial.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

The port slotted flap.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

In this picture the position and size of the bomb bay can be seen. The Vokes air cleaner and the simple sturdy undercarriage leg is also shown.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

OFFSET: The bomb bay of the Blackburn Botha occupies the centre and port side of the fuselage.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

The door is shown closed.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

The door is shown open. As the door hinges downward the ladder slides automatically into position.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

A close-up of the streamlined power-operated twin gun turret.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

The bomb-aimer's position on the right of the pilot.
Aeroplane Monthly 1984-02 / L.Coombs - Cockpits of the RAF (5)

Both of these pictures were taken inside a Blackburn Botha. Left is the photographer's view forward into the bomb-aimer's position; he has twisted left to record the navigator's place, complete with signalling lamp on the table.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

With chart table, bubble sextant and other paraphernalia the navigator's cubby hole is between the pilot and the radio operator.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

A peep into the radio operator's compartment. The direction-finding loop aerial control can be seen in the ceiling.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

The starboard side of the fuselage, looking aft. Circular openings in the inclined panel allow access to the bomb bay during flight.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

Flare stowage.
Aeroplane Monthly 1979-09 / Personal album
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: W5049
Another spot of Botha; W5049/62 was from a batch of 270 built at Brough, and originally served with No 4 Air Observers Navigation School at Ansty before going to No 4 AOS, where this picture was taken after a taxiing accident on February 13, 1942, with Sgt Merrifield at the controls.
Aeroplane Monthly 1979-09 / Personal album
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: L6270 [2]
Yet another shot of Botha L6270 after its accident on April 8, 1942. Despite the extensive damage, this aeroplane went on to serve with No 8 Air Gunners School at Evanton, being finally struck off charge on October 14, 1943.
Aeroplane Monthly 1979-09 / Personal album
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: L6270 [2]
Blackburn B-26 Botha I L6270/4 after a forced landing on April 8, 1942, whilst serving with No 4 Air Observers School (AOS) (formerly No 4 Bombing and Gunnery School) at West Freugh. The pilot at the time was Sgt Williamson. Top picture shows the unseated fuel tank. An unloved and unlovely aeroplane, the Botha was underpowered with its two 850 h.p. Bristol Perseus radials.
Aeroplane Monthly 1979-09 / Personal album

The detached port engine.
Flight 1936-08 / Flight Advertisements
Flight 1936-11 / Flight Advertisements
Flight 1941-05 / Flight Advertisements
Flight 1941-09 / Flight Advertisements
Flight 1941-08 / Flight Advertisements
Flight 1941-11 / Flight Advertisements

"Bristol" Blenheims in Action.
Flight 1941-10 / Flight

GUN TURRET ON BOTHA
Air-Britain Aeromilitaria 1975-01

3 School of General Reconnaissance; 608 Squadron, Coastal Command; 4 Air Observers School; Torpedo Development Unit; 11 Radio School
Моделист-Конструктор Морские самолеты палубного и берегового базирования Второй мировой войны / В.Котельников - Морские самолеты палубного и берегового базирования 1939-1945 /Самолеты Второй Мировой войны/ (5)

Blackburn Botha
Мировая Авиация 55

Blackburn B-26 Botha
Air-Britain Aeromilitaria 1975-01

ФотографииPhotos

Фотографии Photos