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Страна : Великобритания

Год : 1935

Трехместный патрульный и разведывательный самолет прибрежного действия

Варианты

Anson / Type 652

Ближний морской разведчик и патрульный самолет, двухмоторный моноплан смешанной конструкции с убирающимся шасси (первый английский военный самолет с убирающимся шасси). Спроектирован в КБ фирмы "А.В. Роу" под руководством Р. Чэдвика на базе пассажирской машины Авро 652. Опытный образец Авро 652 впервые взлетел 24 марта 1935 г. "Энсон" строился на заводах "Авро" в Ньютон-Хиэсе, Чэддертоне и Йидоне, а также группой предприятий в Канаде (только учебные модификации). Всего выпущено 11 020 экз. всех вариантов, в том числе 6779 экз. типа I.
Самолет состоял на вооружении в Великобритании с мая 1935 г., Ирландии - с марта 1937 г., Ираке - с 1938 г., Турции и Австралии - с августа 1939 г., Южно-Африканском Союзе -с 1940 г. Кроме того, как учебные машины "энсоны" использовались в Канаде, Южной Родезии и Финляндии.
Экипаж 3 - 4 чел. Вооружение 2x7,69 (полевые переделки до 4x7,69 или 2x7,69+1x20), бомбы до 164 кг (в ходе войны бомбовая нагрузка доведена до 224 кг). На некоторых машинах в годы войны были установлены РЛС (подобная доработка осуществлялась как в Англии, так и в Австралии).
В качестве боевого самолета использовалась только одна модификация, "Энсон" I, с моторами "Чита" IX. С 3-й серии (со 175-й машины) введены измененный фонарь пилотской кабины и элероны с металлическим каркасом, позднее стали устанавливать посадочные щитки, заменили пулеметы на более современные, усовершенствовали оборудование.
Первая эскадрилья Берегового командования британских ВВС начала получать "энсоны" в феврале 1936 г. К июню 1937 г. достигли боеспособного состояния уже пять эскадрилий.
В начале Второй мировой войны "Энсон" являлся самым массовым самолетом Берегового командования британских ВВС. Ими были вооружены 11 эскадрилий. В широких масштабах эти самолеты применялись для противолодочного патрулирования, оперируя с баз в Великобритании. "Энсонами" было потоплено значительное количество немецких подводных лодок. В мае 1940 г. эти машины участвовали в прикрытии эвакуации английского экспедиционного корпуса из Дюнкерка, в том числе осуществляя атаки на немецкие торпедные катера.
Со второй половины 1940 г. "энсоны" в качестве противолодочных самолетов начали вытесняться американскими "хадсонами", но часть машин передали в спасательные эскадрильи ВВС. С 1942 г. они переводились в учебные и транспортные части, где служили до конца войны.
Австралийские машины патрулировали побережье до конца 1942 г., затем также были переведены на роль учебных и военно-транспортных. Аналогично применялись "энсоны" и в Южной Африке.
Греческие самолеты участвовали в войне с Италией, затем отражали вторжение немцев в апреле 1941 г. Иракские машины были уничтожены английской авиацией на аэродромах во время пронемецкого мятежа Рашида Али в мае 1941 г.
Один "Энсон", перешедший к ВВС РККА из эстонской военной авиации, в июне 1941 г. числился в эскадрилье, приданной 22-му стрелковому корпусу.
Последний "Энсон" выпустили в мае 1952 г. Эти самолеты состояли на вооружении в Великобритании до июня 1968 г. (транспортные модификации послевоенной постройки), в Австралии - до 1948 г. (хотя отдельные машины летали до 1963 г.)


"Энсон" I||
Размах:||17,22 м
Длина:||12,88 м
Моторы, количество х мощность:||2x350 л.с.
Взлетная масса, максимальная:||4286 кг
Максимальная скорость:||303 км/ч
Практический потолок:||5800 м
Дальность:||1250 км

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Описание:

  • Anson / Type 652
  • Avro 652 Anson
  • Flight, March 1935
    FOR IMPERIAL AIRWAYS CHARTERS
  • Flight, October 1935
    FOR COASTAL RECONNAISSANCE
  • Flight, January 1936
    MODERNITY for the RAF.
  • Flight, October 1938
    British Commercial Aircraft
  • Flight, November 1939
    Britain's Military Aircraft
  • Aeroplane Monthly 1987-04 / M.Hardy - Redhill recollections (1)
    Регистрационный номер: G-AHKH, VR-SDL

    Anson I G-AHKH was just one of six operated by the Redhill-based British Air Transport. The aircraft was sold in Singapore as VR-SDL in April 1952.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1989-12 / Personal album. Civil
    Регистрационный номер: G-AIWV, NK668, VR-SDM

    The forerunner of the Avro 19 was the Avro 652A Anson. G-AIWV was formerly NK668 with the RAF and was civilianised in August 1947. It is seen here at Portsmouth in 1950 before being converted back to military use for sale abroad, where it was last known to be dive-bombing on the Gaza Strip in 1951. The Anson was sold in Singapore as VR-SDM in August 1952. News of its use on the Strip was not known until long after the sale.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1989-09 / B.Boddy - Days at the races
    Регистрационный номер: G-AIXV, MG241, OY-FAD

    Avro 652A Anson Mk I G-AIXV, formerly MG241 in the RAF, was sold in Denmark in May 1954 and became OY-FAD.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1995-12 / B.Robertson - What's in store? (3)
    Регистрационный номер: G-ALEM, MG756

    Avro Anson Mk I MG756 was sold in October 1948 and was given the civil registration G-ALEM. It was scrapped in January the following year.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1995-12 / B.Robertson - What's in store? (3)
    Регистрационный номер: G-ALEN, EG435

    Avro Anson I EG435 was sold to the Ministry of Supply in October 1948 but was scrapped in the following January with the civil marks G-ALEN and the RAF markings crudely erased.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1987-07 / R.Nicholls - Surplus to Requirements (2)
    Регистрационный номер: G-ALWX, EG674

    Avro 652A Anson G-ALWX, ex EG674, owned by Air Enterprises Ltd, caught at Croydon in April 1950. Painted silver overall, the aircraft has had its RAF marks painted out in black. G-ALWX was never converted and it was scrapped in June 1953.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1987-07 / R.Nicholls - Surplus to Requirements (2)
    Регистрационный номер: G-ALYE, LV280

    Avro 652A Anson I G-ALYE, ex LV280, photographed at Croydon in February 1950 when it was owned by Transair Ltd. It is seen here painted in green and brown camouflage with yellow bands and undersides. In June 1950 this Anson slipped off to Israel.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1987-07 / R.Nicholls - Surplus to Requirements (2)
    Регистрационный номер: G-AMBE   [2], EG228   [2]

    Avro 652A Anson Mk 1 G-AMBE, still bearing the RAF serial number EG228. Painted silver overall with black RAF squadron markings and temporary civil registration letters in white, 'BE is seen at Croydon aerodrome in June 1950. Owned by Transair, the Anson was never converted and was withdrawn from use in December 1961.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1987-07 / R.Nicholls - Surplus to Requirements (2)
    Регистрационный номер: G-AMBG, MH124

    Avro 652A Anson G-AMBG, ex MH124, on the apron at Croydon in June 1950. Owned by Transair Ltd, the Anson was finished silver overall and had temporary registration letters in white.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1987-07 / R.Nicholls - Surplus to Requirements (2)
    Регистрационный номер: G-ALEL, G-ALUS, MG247

    Left, photographed at Southend in October 1949, Avro 652A Anson G-ALUS was silver overall and had its temporary registration letters painted in black. In October the following year ’US was scrapped.
    Right, another Rollason-owned Avro 652A Anson parked on Croydon's tarmac. G-ALEL, ex MG247, in green and brown camouflage, yellow undersurfaces and rear fuselage, had its registration letters painted in cream when seen in November 1948. It was scrapped in January the following year.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1987-07 / R.Nicholls - Surplus to Requirements (2)
    Регистрационный номер: G-ALXE, R7985

    Another Israeli-bound Anson I was G-ALXE, ex R7985, seen at Croydon in January 1950. This Transair aircraft was in green and brown camouflage, with green undersides, with temporary civil registration in grey. 'XE left for Israel in June 1950 already.

  • Air Pictorial 1957-10 / Air Pictorial's photo-review
    Регистрационный номер: G-AMDA   [14], N4877   [14]

    Still going strong is Derby Aviation's Avro Anson I with an EM "bird" under the fuselage for mineral surveying.

  • Air Enthusiast 2001-01 / R.Stitt - Midland Memories (1)
    Регистрационный номер: G-AMDA   [14], N4877   [14]

    The survey crew with G-AMDA at Freetown Airport, Sierra Leone in March 1958. On the right of the group are, from right to left, Tom Pike (pilot), John Jarville (engineer) and Bert Cramp (pilot).

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1974-01 / Avro 652A Anson I /Preservation Profile/ (9)
    Регистрационный номер: G-AMDA   [14], N4877   [14]

    In Derby Aviation Livery. Note magnetometer

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1974-01 / Avro 652A Anson I /Preservation Profile/ (9)
    Регистрационный номер: G-AMDA   [14], N4877   [14]

    G-AMDA towing its magnetometer in 1955

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1990-06 / Personal album. Civil
    Регистрационный номер: G-AMDA   [14], N4877   [14]

    Affectionately known to London School of Flying CPL students as the Cloth Bomber, Avro Anson I G-AMDA was also used by that company for aerial survey work. Apart from operating the camera your Editor, being the youngest member of the crew, also had the job of winding the undercarriage up and down. This Anson is currently on exhibition at Duxford, painted in its former RAF colour scheme.

  • Air Pictorial 1958-10
    Регистрационный номер: G-ERTY

  • Flight 1938-04 / Flight
    Регистрационный номер: SU-AAO   [2], W204   [2]

    The Avro 652 transport in its later form - actually - one for the Egyptian Government. The well-known Anson was developed from the 652, two of which were used by Imperial Airways.
    An adaptable feeder­line or charter type is the Cheetah-powered Avro 652

  • Air-Britain Aeromilitaria 1984-03
    Регистрационный номер: W204   [2], SU-AAO   [2]

    The REAF's Avro 652A W204 which went to Egypt as SU-AAO for trials. It was not a true Anson but a transport development of the original Avro 652.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1987-09 / M.Oakey - Grapevine
    Регистрационный номер: VH-ASM   [3], W2068   [3]

    Restored Avro Anson VH-ASM photographed at Mascot, Sydney, Australia on June 23, 1987, exactly 40yr after its first commercial flight with East West Airlines on June 23, 1947. Originally W2068 with the RAAF, it became East West’s first aircraft after the war. It subsequently served with Sid Marshall at Bankstown, but was grounded in 1962. In 1965 its wings were axed off, and it languished in the open until 1972, when East West rescued it for static restoration.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1987-04 / M.Oakey - Grapevine
    Регистрационный номер: VH-BAF   [3], NR257Y   [3]

    Australia's only flying Avro Anson, VH-BAF, at the Ballarat Air Show on February 22, 1987.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1991-02 / M.Oakey - Grapevine
    Регистрационный номер: NR257Y   [3], VH-BAF   [3]

    Australia's only airworthy Avro Anson, VH-BAF, is currently masquerading as Roscoe Turner and Clyde Pangborn's Boeing 247D NR257Y, entrant No 5 in the Mac Robertson Air Race of 1934. The paint scheme was adopted for a forthcoming film of the great England-Australia race - the same production for which two replica D.H.88 Comet Racers have been built. Owned by Terry Brain, the Anson is kept at the Airworld collection at Wangaratta, Victoria.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1991-03 / M.Fife - The Great Air Race
    Регистрационный номер: NR257Y   [3], VH-BAF   [3]

    Terry Brain's Avro Anson VH-BAF at Laverton masquerading as Col Roscoe Turner's Boeing 247D NR257Y. Copiloted by Clyde Pangborn, Turner's aircraft was the second to leave Mildenhall and was the third to arrive at Melbourne.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1999-06 / J.Stroud - A million miles flown /A lifetime of flying/
    Регистрационный номер: VP-KHL

    Avro Anson VP-KHL, also photographed at Nairobi West on June 17, 1952.

  • Air Enthusiast 2001-01 / R.Stitt - Midland Memories (1)

    Derby Aviation's first Dakota G-ANTD on the apron in front of the Municipal Hangar in April 1955, fresh from conversion to civilian standards at Exeter. To the rear are Messenger G-AKKO, an Auster and a former Royal Navy Anson I.

    Другие самолёты на фотографии: Auster J/1 - J/5 - Великобритания - 1945Douglas DC-3 / C-47 Skytrain/С-53 Skytrooper / Dakota - США - 1935Miles Messenger M.38 / M.48 - Великобритания - 1942

  • Jane's All the World Aircraft 1946 / 03 - All the world's aeroplanes

    A Federal-built Anson II as supplied to the U.S. Army Air Forces under designation AT-20.

  • Мировая Авиация 111

    ВВС США использовали 50 Anson Mk II канадской постройки. На американской службе эти самолеты получили обозначение AT-20 и служили для тренировки экипажей. В 8-й Воздушной армии Anson также использовались в качестве штабных.

  • Jane's All the World Aircraft 1946 / 03 - All the world's aeroplanes

    A Federal-built Anson V Navigational Trainer (two Pratt & Whitney Wasp-Junior engines).

  • Air Enthusiast 1999-03 / R.Stitt - Adaptable 'Annie'
    Регистрационный номер: CF-HXA   [2]

    The Canadian-built Anson V differed substantially from earlier versions. A moulded plywood fuselage, Pratt & Whitney R-985s and small, round cabin windows resulted in a more refined appearance, greater performance and improved crew comfort in both winter and summer. Spartan’s CF-HXA, a photo survey conversion, near its Uplands Airport base.

  • Air Enthusiast 1999-03 / R.Stitt - Adaptable 'Annie'
    Регистрационный номер: CF-HXA   [2]

    Fine view of CF-HXA, showing the ventral camera port. The underwing cells visible inboard of the engine nacelles are bomb bays, modified by Spartan to each contain a fuel tank.

  • Air Enthusiast 1999-03 / R.Stitt - Adaptable 'Annie'
    Регистрационный номер: CF-GML   [4]

    A Spartan Anson demonstrates both types of magnetometer sensor installations; the trailing ‘bird’ and the underwing pod. While CF-GML cruises serenely for the benefit of the camera, Ansons on actual ‘mag’ operations followed the terrain profile at a precise 500ft (152m) altitude.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1989-03 / J.Meadows - A Decisive Factor (2)
    Регистрационный номер: C-FHOT   [4]

    MICHAEL O’LEARY'S superb plate depicts a Canadian-built Anson V. Now registered C-FHOT, it was built in 1944. The author flew Avro-built Anson Is, powered by Cheetah radials and featuring the classic but draughty greenhouse-type cabin.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1984-11
    Регистрационный номер: C-FHOT   [4]

    STUART HOWE took this photograph during a visit to the Canadian Warplane Heritage aircraft collection this year. The Collection's Canadian-built Anson V, registered C-FHOT, was built in 1944 and is powered by two Pratt & Whitney Wasp Junior engines.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1984-04 / S.Howe - A monument in the sky
    Регистрационный номер: C-FHOT   [4]

    CWH's Canadian-built Anson V resplendent in overall yellow scheme and registered C-FHOT.

  • Air Enthusiast 1999-03 / R.Stitt - Adaptable 'Annie'

    Anson of 14 Squadron taxying at Norman Wells, Northwest Territories while engaged in a photographic survey of the Mackenzie River basin in September of 1944. Designated as a Mk.VP, 11900 served with the Rockcliffe-based unit from delivery to the RCAF in January 1944 until struck off strength in August 1947.

  • Air Enthusiast 1999-03 / R.Stitt - Adaptable 'Annie'
    Регистрационный номер: CF-GML   [4]

    Two of Spartan’s Ansons, CF-GMK and ’ML were fitted with skis for winter magnetometer surveys. ’ML sits at Britannia Bay on the Ottawa River in February 1953. The undercarriage remained retractable.

  • Air Enthusiast 1999-03 / R.Stitt - Adaptable 'Annie'
    Регистрационный номер: CF-GML   [4]

    Wearing the final Spartan paint scheme, which included high-visibility DayGlo, CF-GML at Uplands Airport on June 9, 1963.

  • Air Enthusiast 1999-03 / R.Stitt - Adaptable 'Annie'

    Spartan also employed Consolidated PBY-5A Cansos on magnetometer surveys. CF-GBQ shares the frozen surface of Gods Lake, Manitoba, with two ‘mag’ Ansons in March 1956. The Canso’s ‘bird’ was deployed from a cradle attached to the starboard side of the rear fuselage.

    Другие самолёты на фотографии: Consolidated PBY Catalina - США - 1935

  • Air Enthusiast 1999-03 / R.Stitt - Adaptable 'Annie'

    With overnight temperatures as low as -50°C, it was essential to protect the airframe from snow and frost so that operations could begin promptly if weather permitted.

  • Air Enthusiast 1999-03 / R.Stitt - Adaptable 'Annie'

    Maintenance personnel and an unidentified Anson strike an impressive pose at Spartan’s headquarters at Uplands in the late 1950s (maintenance manager Syd Baker, left, and engineer John Kapcala).

  • Air Enthusiast 1999-03 / R.Stitt - Adaptable 'Annie'

    A magnetometer crew climbs aboard their Anson, shielded against the intense cold by winter boots and a thermos flask of hot coffee. Below the fuselage can be seen the ‘bird’ in its cradle and the transmit and receive aerials for the APN-1 radar altimeter.

  • Мировая Авиация 111

    Этот необычный Anson на поплавковом шасси принадлежал 35-й эскадрилье южноафриканских ВВС, базировавшейся в Конгелла, Южная Африка. Он использовался для обучения экипажей полетам с воды, прежде чем они пересаживались на штатные летающие лодки Sunderland.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1985-08 / Grapevine
    Регистрационный номер: VH-ASM   [3], W2068   [3]

    Restoration work on the fuselage of Anson Mk I VH-ASM, ex W2068, has been completed by John Gallagher of Loftus, New South Wales. Work on the mainplanes should be completed by late 1985. VH-ASM was the first aircraft operated by East West Airlines of Tamworth, NSW, Australia.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1980-04 / News Spotlight
    Регистрационный номер: VH-ASM   [3], W2068   [3]

    Avro Anson Mk 1 VH-ASM, ex-W2068, the first aircraft to serve with East West Airlines when it commenced operations in 1947, is to be restored by John Gallagher of Loftus, New South Wales, Australia, for static display at the Company's Tamworth headquarters.

  • Air Enthusiast 2001-01 / R.Stitt - Midland Memories (1)
    Регистрационный номер: G-AMDA   [14], N4877   [14]

    Following its survey role, Anson G-AMDA served briefly with Derby Aviation's training operation at Elstree before joining the Sky fame Museum at Staverton as a flying exhibit. It passed to the Imperial War Museum at Duxford in 1972 and is currently under restoration to Mk.I configuration, complete with dorsal turret

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