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Страна : Великобритания

Год : 1937

Двухместный самолет первоначального обучения

M.14 Magister

Miles M.14 Magister

   На волне успеха гражданского самолета Hawk Trainer Министерство авиации выпустило спецификацию T.40/36 на разработку Hawk в варианте самолета первоначального обучения для британских ВВС. Конструкцию машины пересмотрели и решили увеличить кабину. Производство M.14 началось в первой половине 1937 года согласно откорректированной спецификации T.37/37. Поставки британским ВВС начались в мае 1937 года. Самолет стал первым британским военным учебным монопланом. Вскоре у Magister выявили склонность к штопору, из-за чего в конструкцию пришлось внести изменения. Новый вариант обозначался M.14A и строился в 1937-1941 годах. Всего компания "Miles" построила 1293 самолета, еще 100 машин собрали в Турции по лицензии после испытаний четырех M.18 постройки "Miles". Контракт с британскими ВВС предусматривал изготовление 1229 самолетов. M.18 также экспортировались в Ирландию (15), Египет (42) и Новую Зеландию (2). Некоторое количество самолетов поставили гражданским заказчикам, а после окончания войны самолеты британских ВВС продавались на гражданском рынке как Hawk Trainer III. На пике использования M.18 британскими ВВС этими самолетами были вооружены 16 эскадрилий первоначального обучения и Центральная летная школа. Кроме того, M.18 использовали различные Командования Королевских ВВС; последний самолет сняли с вооружения в 1948 году. M.18 также эксплуатировались в британской Армии и ВМС Великобритании.


ТАКТИКО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ

   Miles M.14 Magister

   Тип: двухместный самолет первоначального обучения
   Силовая установка: один мотор жидкостного охлаждения de Havilland Gipsy Major I мощностью 130 л. с.
   Летные характеристики: максимальная скорость на высоте 300 м - 212 км/ч; практический потолок 5485 м; дальность 612 км
   Масса: пустого 583 кг; максимальная взлетная 862 кг
   Размеры: размах крыла 10,31 м; длина 7,51 м; высота 2,03 м; площадь крыла 16,35 м2

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Описание:

  • M.14 Magister
  • Flight, March 1938
    TRAINING for TO-MORROW
  • Flight, September 1939
    To-day's Light Aeroplanes
  • M.14 Magister
  • Aeroplane Monthly 2000-12 / News
    Регистрационный номер: G-AIUA   [2], T9768   [2]

    MILES MAGISTER T9768/G-AIUA, which became famous in the late 1940s and early 1950s as the the mount of C.A. Nepean Bishop, the leading post-war exponent of Magister aerobatics, has been acquired by collector Bob Trickett. It was moved from long-term storage in Sussex to a new home near Kings Lynn in early September 2000.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1982-09 / P.Jarrett - Grapevine
    Регистрационный номер: T9707   [3], G-AKKR   [3]

    First aircraft to arrive at Manchester’s up-and-coming Air and Space Museum, housed in the restored City Hall, Liverpool Road, was Miles Magister 1 T9707. It came from the RAF Museum via RAF Abingdon, where it had undergone some restoration work. The Maggie was moved into City Hall on July 15, 1982.

  • Flight 1939-10 / Flight
    Регистрационный номер: G-AJMC

    This near-scale model of a Miles Magister won for Mr. J. Coxall the Bowden International Trophy for 1939.

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1993-10

    Fred, Blossom, & George Miles

  • Flight 1939-12 / Flight Advertisements
    Регистрационный номер: N1580

    Другие самолёты на фотографии: Miles Kestrel M.9 / Master I M.9A - Великобритания - 1937

  • Flight 1940-02 / Flight Advertisements

    Другие самолёты на фотографии: Miles Kestrel M.9 / Master I M.9A - Великобритания - 1937

  • Air-Britain Archive 1981-02 / U.K. C of A Applications (6)
    Регистрационный номер: L205

    Artist's impression of Magister L.205 in Egyptian Army Air Force markings. The designation Magister was officially adopted by Miles in April 1937 and thus should apply to all M.14s built after that date.

  • Flight 1937-09 / Flight

    Mr. Miles has adopted this "leg"-type undercarriage for the Magister.

  • Flight 1939-09 / Flight

    Miles Magister (D.H. Gipsy Major).

  • Aeroplane Monthly 1980-03 / G.Johnson - Miles M.14 Magister /RAF Piston Trainers/ (7)

    Miles M.14a Magister 1 of 15 EFTS Redhill, Surrey, summer 1940

  • Air-Britain Aeromilitaria 1998-01 / Out of the Archives

    In the summer of 1941, trials were carried out to test the viability of using trailers to increase either the fuel load or the bomb load. It was envisaged that the Halifax II and Blenheim IV would benefit from such trailers as it would give them an increased bomb load for short ranges but it would also improve range/load if it could be fitted with fuel tanks and jettisoned when these were exhausted. On the debit side, the trailer wing lengthened the take-off run and reduced the rate of climb of the aircraft. Bombs would be carried in streamlined nacelles.
      With such wings, it was calculated that the Halifax would not benefit greatly but the Blenheim would be able to carry a 4,000-lb bomb load for 300 miles.
      The trailer consisted of a rectangular wing, known as the Malinowski wing, with circular endplates which was joined by two booms fixed rigidly to the trailer and pin-jointed to the rear spar of the aircraft. By releasing the pin joints, the trailer could be jettisoned. The undercarriage consisted of a castering wheel under each boom which could be locked before take-off.
      A Magister was selected for initial flying experiments to see if the idea was practicable and streamlined lead ballast weights were carried on release points which could be released electrically by the pilot.
      On 12 May 1941, L8326 carried out the first flight at Boscombe Down. This was not very successful and an extension was added to the Magister's fin and to the rudder balance horn to improve directional control. It was found that the Magister could be taxied up to 10 mph with the trailer wheels unlocked but during the take-off run the contraption was directionally unstable due to the aft position of the overall centre of gravity relative to the aircraft wheels. It was very difficult to keep the aircraft straight until take-off speed approached, full rudder and brakes being necessary to check the swing. This became progressively more difficult as the trailer weight increased and at 670 lbs it became impossible to stay on the runway. It the trailer wheels were locked, the ground run was stabilised but the pilot had little control over his direction. On a smooth surface, it was possible to steer a straight course but if bouncing took place it was impossible to predict the take-off path.
      If the trailer became airborne first, the aircraft could swing before take-off speed attained. One-and-a-half hours flying time at various weights were carried out, including climbs and dives. The stability was satisfactory about all axes and, apart from the rudder, control was adequate after modifications. Landing was normal so long as the trailer touched down after the aircraft.
      Four flights were carried out from Boscombe Down in May 1941 and on the 29th L8326 went to Woodley to be modified. On 14 June, it was returned for further tests by the RAE and nine more flights took place. On 24 July, it flew to Woodley and back and then flew to Wrington and back on the 29th. Was this a clerical error for Wroughton? On 30 July it went to Heath Row and on the 31st and 1st August to Woodley.
      On 19 August, L8326 swung on take-off and headed off the runway, to collide with an obstruction. At this point the tests ended. The Magister was repaired and re-issued to a more conventional owner.

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