De Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk
Варианты:
De Havilland Canada - DHC-1 Chipmunk - 1946 - Канада
Страна: Канада
Год: 1946


Двухместный учебный самолет для начальной подготовки
Описание
Фотографии
de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk

   Фирма "de Havilland Aircraft of Canada Ltd", также известная как DHC или "de Havilland Canada", была создана в марте 1928 года для сборки, технического обслуживания и ремонта импортированных самолетов британской компании "de Havilland". К концу Второй мировой войны "de Havilland Canada" приступила к проектированию собственных машин. Первым появился DHC-1 Chipmunk, разработанный под управлением В. Якимука для замены биплана DH.82 Tiger Moth. 22 мая 1946 года прототип DHC-1 впервые взлетел в Даунсвью, Торонто. Это был двухместный моноплан с работающей обшивкой и перевернутым рядным мотором de Havilland Gipsy Major 1С мощностью 145 л.с. (108 кВт).
   Самолеты Chipmunk, построенные по спецификации прототипа, получили обозначение DHC-1B-1, а машины с моторами Gipsy Major 10-3 стали называться DHC-1B-2. Большинство Chipmunk имело закрытый фонарь. Завод в Даунсвью построил 218 машин, последнюю из них изготовили в 1951 году.
   Два самолета испытывались в британском НИЦ в Боскомб-Дауне. В результате фирме "de Havilland" заказали пилотажную версию Chipmunk по спецификации 8/48 в качестве учебно-тренировочного самолета. Всего в Великобритании были построены 1014 Chipmunk, 735 из них поступили в ВВС. Первые Chipmunk с эмблемами британских ВВС передали в оксфордский аэроклуб в феврале 1950 года. Затем этот самолет заменил бипланы Tiger Moth во всех 17 эскадрильях университетов и многих летных школах добровольного Резерва ВВС. Военные пилоты проходили начальное обучение на Chippie (прозвище "Chipmunk") в колледже ВВС в Крэнвеле. Несколько Chipmunk из 114-й эскадрильи использовались на Кипре в интересах служб безопасности в ходе волнений 1958 года.
   По соглашению между фирмой "de Havilland" и португальской "General Aeronautical Material Workshops" (OGMA) для ВВС Португалии с 1955 года были собраны 60 Chipmunk по лицензии. Эти самолеты также применялись в авиации Бирмы, Цейлона, Чили, Колумбии, Дании, Египта, Ирака, Ирландии, Иордании, Ливана, Малайи, Саудовской Аравии, Сирии, Таиланда и Уругвая. Несколько таких машин летают до сих пор.


Варианты

   DHC-1A-1 Chipmunk: пилотажная модель с ограниченными возможностями с мотором Gipsy Major 1C, получившая в канадских ВВС обозначение Chipmunk T.Mk 1
   DHC-1A-2 Chipmunk: пилотажная модель с ограниченными возможностями с мотором Gipsy Major 10
   DHC-1B-1 Chipmunk: полностью пилотажная модель с мотором Gipsy Major 1C
   DHC-1B-2 Chipmunk: полностью пилотажная модель с мотором Gipsy Major 10
   DHC-1B-2-S1 Chipmunk: модель с мотором Gipsy Major 10 для египетских ВВС
   DHC-1B-2-S2 Chipmunk: модель с мотором Gipsy Major 10 для ВВС Таиланда
   DHC-1B-2-S3 Chipmunk: тренировочная модель с мотором Gipsy Major 10 для канадских ВВС со служебным обозначением Chipmunk T.Mk 2
   DHC-1B-2-S4 Chipmunk: чилийская версия
   DHC-1B-2-S5 Chipmunk: модель с мотором Gipsy Major 10 для канадских ВВС под обозначением Chipmunk T.Mk 2
   Chipmunk T.Mk 10: модель британской постройки с мотором Gipsy Major 8 для ВВС (построено 735 экземпляров)
   Chipmunk Mk 20: экспортный вариант Chipmunk T.Mk 10 с мотором Gipsy Major 10 Series 2 (собрано 217 штук)
   Chipmunk Mk 21: гражданская версия модификации Mk 20 (собрано 28 штук)
   Chipmunk Mk 22: гражданская версия Chipmunk T.Mk 10 с силовой установкой версии Mk 20
   Chipmunk Mk 22A: аналогичен версии Mk 22, но с бензобаками увеличенной емкости
   Chipmunk Mk 23: сельскохозяйственная модификация Chipmunk T.Mk 10 с силовой установкой от Mk 20
   Aerostructures Sundowner: один переделанный австралийцами Chipmunk с четырехцилиндровым оппозитным мотором Lycoming O-360 мощностью 180 л.с. (134 кВт), баками на законцовках крыла, фонарем кабины без переплета и металлической обшивкой крыла; несколько самолетов канадской постройки также были оснащены моторами Lycoming
   Masefield Variant: конверсия фирмой "Bristol Aircraft" моделей Chipmunk Mk 20,21,22 и 22A с беспереплетным фонарем кабины, багажными отделениями в крыле, обтекателями шасси и увеличенным запасом топлива
   Sasin SA-29 Spraymaster: несколько австралийских конверсий, в целом подобных версии Chipmunk Mk 23
   Super Chipmunk: спортивно-пилотажный самолет с шестицилиндровым оппозитным мотором Lycoming GO-435 мощностью 260 л.с. (194 кВт), переделанным крылом и убирающимся шасси; единственный экземпляр летал в США на чемпионате мира по высшему пилотажу 1970 года


ТАКТИКО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ

   de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk (Chipmunk T.Mk 10)

   Тип: двухместный учебный самолет для начальной подготовки
   Силовая установка: инвертный рядный поршневой мотор de Havilland Gipsy Major 8 мощностью 145 л. с. (108 кВт)
   Летные характеристики: максимальная скорость 222 км/ч на уровне моря; крейсерская скорость 187 км/ч на оптимальной высоте; начальная скороподъемность 244 м/мин; практический потолок 4815 м; дальность полета 451 км
   Масса: пустого самолета 646 кг; максимальная взлетная 914 кг
   Размеры: размах крыла 10,46 м; длина 7,75 м; высота 2,13 м; площадь крыла 15,97 м2
Получив несколько самолетов Chipmunk с завода фирмы в Хэтфилде, Португалия приступила к лицензионной сборке этих машин.
Picture of WB659 on a return visit to Groongal in November 1991.
A long-serving fleet of 21 Chipmunk T.10s continue in use by the School of Army Aviation's Basic Fixed-Wing Flight for flying grading and basic training. AAC pilots destined for the Islander will later return to the Chipmunk for a further 30 hours training.
Пара Chipmunk T.Mk 10 демонстрирует схему окраски этих машин, принятую в последние годы его службы в британских ВВС.
The five Grob G.115E Tutors of the Royal Navy's 727 Squadron, G-BYVF, G-BYVK, G-BYVN, G-BYWM and G-BYXK, fly in formation with Royal Navy Historic Flight Chipmunk T.10 WK608 '906' on December 12, 2006 whilst en route from their previous base, Plymouth/Roborough Airport, Devon, to a new home at RNAS Yeovilton, Somerset. The move is being made because a study has determined that it will give students flying the aircraft a better understanding of the workings of an operational naval air station.
В 1991 году коллекцию AFC пополнил учебно-боевой моноплан DHC-1 Chipmunk (на снимке), но позднее он также был продан. Эта машина летала в цветах авиаэскадрильи университета Кембриджа 1950-х годов.
MAURICE ROWE's colour plate was taken on August 11, 1989. The aircraft is being flown by John Larcombe and owner Michael Turner.
The Shuttleworth Collection's Chipmunk 22 WB588/G-AOTD photographed in the vicinity of Old Warden in August 1985.
The Empire Test Pilots School was resident at Farnborough from 1946 until 1968 occupying the hangar on the south side of the airfield, this now being used today as the civil enclave. In this view are some of the ETPS fleet at Farnborough during 1961. These include a Vampire T.11, Meteor NF.14, Meteor T.7, Hunter F.4, Hunter T.7, Dragonfly HR3, Devon C.1, Shackleton MR.2, Canberra B.2, Swift F.7 and Chipmunk T 10.
Yeovilton Station Flight Chipmunk T.10 WP904 being reassembled at Kirkbymoorside in May 1986 after overhaul, strip and respray by Slingsby Aviation. The company undertook similar work on a large number of RAF, Royal Navy and Army Air Corps examples under a mid-1980s contract.
Making a comeback during 1997 was the Chipmunk, reengined with a 180hp Lycoming. ‘Super’ Chipmunk 1315 taxying at Sintra in the colours of the Academia da Forca Aerea.
The last six DHC-1-200 Chipmunks in service with the Portuguese Air Force during the formation flight celebrating 60 years of service on January 29, 2011.
The Canadian Warplane Heritage's Chipmunk, photographed in June 1985.
Many aspiring flyers worked their way up to the airlines via the 'self-improver' route. This often involved gliding-towing work.
Illustrated is the prototype of the Chipmunk, the first wholly-new design from de Havillands' Canadian associate, which first flew on 22 May 1946. From the Chipmunk, de Havilland Canada has gone on to produce a succession of successful designs, culminating in the Dash 8.
The author climbs into the Chipmunk prototype before making the maiden flight. W. J. Jakimiuk, the aircraft's designer, stands at right.
The author ready to taxy away for the first flight.
The Chipmunk’s elegant lines are particularly evident in this photograph of the prototype.
The D.H.C.1 Chipmunk Two-seat Training Monoplane (D.H. Gipsy Major IC engine).
The author, assisted by a couple of wing-men, taxying out for the first flight, on May 22, 1946.
The D.H.C.1 Chipmunk Two-seat Training Monoplane (D.H. Gipsy Major IC engine).
The photograph of the prototype DHC-1 Chipmunk, taken on an early test flight.
The author flying the prototype DHC-1 Chipmunk in its final form. The main external differences are the addition of a large pitot tube beneath the port wing and streamlining to the undercarriage legs.
EXPERIMENTAL RUDDER on the prototype de Havilland (Canada) DHC-1 Chipmunk two-seat primary was one of three/four shapes tried before the final curved line, familiar today, was adopted. This photograph was taken at the Toronto factory about a month after the first flight in May 1946.
The prototype fitted with a reduced-area rudder.
Makeshift modification to reduce the fin area of the prototype Chipmunk.
D.H. Chipmunk T.10 WZ862 of the R.A.F. Gatow Station Flight over Berlin-Tempelhof Airport
The classic instructor and pupil act, performed by two Chipmunks landing in opposite directions.
A trio of Manchester University Air Squadron Chipmunk T.10s in formation over RAF Woodvale on June 9, 1968. The aircraft are WD322, WG422 and WK507. Each of them served with up to a dozen units. WD322 was struck off charge in June 1956, WG422 ended up as an instructional airframe in the Seventies and WK507 was sold in June 1975.
Four D.H.C.1. Chipmunks of the University of London Air Squadron.
Aircraft of 781 Squadron over the Isle of Wight in July this year. The formation includes two DH Sea Devons, two DH Sea Herons, two Westland Wessex Mk 5s and a lone DHC1 Chipmunk.
The Aeroplane photograph portrays two de Havilland D.H.C.1 Chipmunks of No 1 Basic Flying Training School, Booker, in 1951. Their spinners had been temporarily removed for modification.
Chipmunk WZ879 and Bulldog XX520, serving with the CFS at RAF Leeming
Chipmunk T.10s (WG348 in the foreground) are used by No. 1 Squadron, C.F.S., for basic instructor training
An Army DHC 1 Chipmunk makes a perfect three-pointer at a Middle Wallop open day in July 1960.
WK590 at RAF Dishforth in May 1964, bearing the X code of Leeds UAS.
Carrying the code M-B, WK590 appeared at the Battle of Britain display at RAF Acklington in September 1959.
de Havilland Canada Chipmunk T.10s.
WB572 '50' heads a line-up of Chipmunks of 3 BFTS in front of the RAFVR hangar in 1954.
Chipmunk T.10 (WP972) display the new Army Air Corps markings.
Photographed at Oxford by T. C. Fox, Chipmunk WP964 is finished in the standard Army colours of glossy dark green/dark earth with black undersurfaces, and with fuselage roundels as the only national marking
A Westland S-55 Whirlwind of the Joint Experimental Helicopter Unit lifts a DHC-1 Chipmunk during a demonstration at the REME depot at Arborfield, Berks in 1958.
The classic Chipmunk has seen widespread use as a basic trainer but few armies have operated the type. An exception is the British Army Air Corps which has used Chipmunk T.10s for basic training from the 1950s to the present day, although this will shortly change when the type is retired and replaced by contractorised training. The example here, WP964, was a 'one-off' example operated by the Forward Air Control Flight at Middle Wallop in camouflage colours which earned it the nickname Spitmunk - it is still active today but is now only used for training alongside the other Army Chipmunks in standard red/white colours.
A line of Chipmunks of 9 AEF undergoing pre­flight inspection.
The Chipmunk in the uniform Dayglo scheme of the late Sixties.
Robb Satterfield's Chipmunk, seen in R.A.F. colours as WP850, is now N735DH
Chipmunk WP800 photographed at Hamble in the Sixties, when it was on the strength of the Southampton University Air Squadron.
Chipmunk WP800 photographed in the Seventies.
Chipmunk N68031 is believed to be c/n C1/0132 and once G-BBTP before being exported to the USA, initially as N53942, in 1975
Chipmunk T.10 WG407 of No. 9 Air Experience Unit
The same aircraft, as WB659, at the Chipmunk Fly-in at Groongal Station, Carrathool, Victoria on November 19, 1988.
Part of the North Weald Aerofair, much of which took place under leaden skies, with a DH Chipmunk in the foreground.
Picture of WB659 on a return visit to Groongal in November 1991.
Chipmunk T.10 WK613 over Stonehenge in May 1977.
The tenth Canadian-built Chipmunk, shipped to England and registered G-AJVD, was evaluated by the A&AEE during 1948. Its finish was natural polished Alclad; the fuselage decking and flash, registration letters etc were green outlined with white.
Marking progressive steps of training at AST, three examples of the organisation’s standard training aircraft fly in formation while up from Hamble circa 1952-53. Leading from the front is Chipmunk G-AMUC, one of more than 40 operated by AST, followed by Airspeed Oxford G-AITF (formerly ED290, one of four acquired by the organisation during 1947-50) and bringing up the rear is Douglas C-47B G-AMSW, acquired by AST in May 1952.
Chipmunk G-AMUC of Air Service Training frolics over Portsmouth Harbour.
G-BBMY is another Chipmunk from the recent flood of these trainers released for civil use by the RAF. This one has been re-serviced and doped green and white, and is seen at Elstree.
G-BBMZ, a smartened-up D.H.C.1 Chipmunk 22, ex WK54B at Southend in March 1974.
Yet another demobbed D.H.C.1 Chipmunk, G-BBRK, at Elstree in January 1974. Ex-WD361, it still bears the name of Wg Cdr M. M. Forster, and is registered to Webster Aviation. G-BBRK was originally reserved for an Ambrion Aviation Cessna 414.
De Havilland Chipmunk T.10, G-BBTP, in temporary markings at Rush Green.
Chipmunk WP800 in full civil paint scheme during ownership of Dale Featherby, in 1988.
The RAE Farnborough Aero Club has been in existence for many years, initially with Tiger Moth G-AJHS on strength. However, with retirement of this aircraft it was replaced with Chipmunk G-BDDD from the mid-1970s. Both aircraft are seen here in formation over Farnborough airfield, the Chipmunk still serving to this day, albeit now in the 'Raspberry Ripple' colour scheme.
Swiss-registered de Havilland D.H.C.1 Chipmunk HB-TUG, photographed at Buttwil on March 28, 1976, by E.Gandett
Ex-RAF Chipmunk VH-SSJ (ex-WK507) is now owned by Barry Bell in Australia. Mike Holtby and Bill Barker were aboard when Neville Parnell took this study.
VH-UPD pictured on February 23, 1975 on the occasion of the "50th anniversary of the D.H. Moth" Fly-in at Berwick, Victoria.
One of the D.H. Canada Chipmunk T.20s which served the R. Danish A.F. for almost a quarter-century, P-125, c/n. C1/0104, delivered June 1950, has since been withdrawn.
Rarely illustrated are aircraft of the R.Ceylon A.F. - in this case, CT-10B is a de Havilland Chipmunk T.Mk.21 trainer.
EI-AHT was one of several Chipmunks which left Speke for Dublin last July. With EI-AHP it has returned to this country as related in "Airport News", and may even be a candidate for British registration in the near future.
The unique U.S.-registered Chipmunk, N9867F was delivered to owner Sam Pratt in Dublin 9/7/56, but is now owned by W. S. Shackleton Ltd., at Kidlington.
OGMA-built DHC-1 in flight over the Atlantic Ocean wearing the initial silver livery.
The former Portuguese Air Force Chipmunk Mk20 OO-NPO (Ex No 1372) was donated by the Portuguese MoD to the NATO Aero Club in Brussels, and delivered by C-130 two years ago. It is seen here at Airwork undergoing a check.
Prototype de Havilland Chipmunk Mk. 23;
Robb Satterfield's much-modified, bespatted Chipmunk N713H
The Chipmunk has also been the subject of numerous modifications, some of which are illustrated: (top to bottom) the single-seat Mk 23 ag-plane. the "Masefield" variant with blown canopy and wheel spats and a test-bed for the Bonner Super Sapphire V6 engine.
DH Chipmunk Mk 23 single-seat agricultural aircraft converted by Farm Aviation Ltd
Prominent in this gathering is Aero Bonner Chipmunk G-ARWB, which is a testbed for Mr. H. W. Bonner's 200-h.p Super Sapphire engine. Behind are Partenavia P.68 Observer D-GERD, TS-11 Iskra SP-DOE, camouflaged SAAB SF 37 Viggen 37907/"45" with recce, cameras ... and many other "goodies"
This year's Army Air Day, held at Middle Wallop on 6th August 1977, began with a massed arrival of ten fixed-wing aircraft (Chipmunks) and sixty-five helicopters. Front row: Basic Fixed-Wing Flight Chipmunks, Canadian A.F. Kiowas, German Army MBB BO 105Cs and Bell UH-1Ds. 2nd row: Gazelles from the Basic Rotary-Wing Flight and No. 2 Flight. 3rd row: Bristow Bell 47Gs, Scouts from the Advanced Rotary-Wing Flight. 4th row: Alouettes of Nos. 6 and 14 Flights, sundry Sioux and Scouts. 5th row: I.F.T.U. Lynx and and R.A.F. No. 230 Squadron Puma landing
The scene at Hatfield prior to the start of the rally. Fifty-odd aircraft are visible, all de Havilland, even the Chipmunk in front of the Rapides, although strictly speaking the Jackaroos should be excluded from the total.
A former WAAC Marathon undergoes deep maintenance and upgrading prior to entering service with Derby Aviation. In the background are Gemini 1A G-AKGE, Hawk Trainer G-AIUA and Chipmunk WP908 of Nottingham University Air Squadron.
The view from the Chipmunk's cockpit was excellent in most directions.
Sad sight of a Royal Saudi Air Force Chipmunk (602/603?) languishing at Jeddah in 1985. Also at Jeddah in various states of disrepair were a number of Dakotas, DC-4s, T-28s, Vampires, A-26s and Harvards.
The D.H.C.1 Chipmunk.
de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk
The three-view drawing was prepared for Aeromodeller by the late E. J. Riding in May 1948. Our thanks to Aeromodeller for allowing us to republish it.