Bucker Bu.131 Jungmann

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Bucker Bu.131 JungmannГермания, 1934 Kokusai Ki.86Япония, 1943

Страна Country: ГерманияGermany

Год Year: 1934

Двухместный самолет первоначального обучения и легкий ночной бомбардировщик

Bucker Bu 131 Jungmann

Первым серийным изделием фирмы "Bucker Flugzeugbau GmbH", основанной в 1932 году в Йоханништаль, стал легкий двухместный учебный самолет Bucker Bu 131 Jungmann. Самолет спроектирован под руководством главного инженера компании Андерса Андерссона.Он представлял собой типичный биплан, с крыльями небольшой стреловидности. Каркас фюзеляжа изготовлен из стальных труб, обшивка кабины и капот мотора - из легких сплавов, остальная обшивка - полотняная. Силовые элементы крыла изготовлены из клееной древесины и обтянуты полотном. Хвостовое оперение в конструктивном отношении аналогично фюзеляжу. Шасси - неубираемое, трехопорное, с хвостовой опорой. Прототип, оснащенный мотором Hirth НМ 60К мощностью 80 л.с. выполнил первый полет 27 апреля 1934 года.
   Первый серийный вариант Bu 131A зарекомендовал себя очень удачной машиной. Самолеты данного типа строились не только для гражданских летных школ Германии, но также интенсивно использовались в Люфтваффе. Учебные бипланы экспортировались в восемь европейских стран. Крупнейшими импортерами стали Венгрия (100 самолетов) и Румыния (150), еще 75 самолетов собрали по лицензии в Швейцарии. Массовое производство по лицензии велось в Японии, где были построены 1037 самолетов Nippon Kokusai Ki-86a, которые поступили на вооружение авиации Императорской Армии под обозначением Type 4 Primary Trainer. За первой армейской серией последовала серия для авиации ВМС, которые получили обозначение Navy Type 2 Trainer Model 11 (или K9W1 Momiji); самолеты строились на заводах "Hitachi" и "Kyushu". Точное количество самолетов, построенных для японских ВМС, точно неизвестно, но примерно - от 217 до 339. Все самолеты японской постройки, получившие у союзников кодовое обозначение "Cypress", оснащались моторами мощностью 110 л.с. В авиации Императорской Армии они обозначались Hitachi (Ha-47) 11, а в ВМС - Hitachi GK4A Hatsukaze 11. Был построен единственный экспериментальный цельнодеревянный Ki-86B, на испытаниях показавший неудовлетворительные летные данные.
   Самолет Jungmann использовался в Люфтваффе на протяжении всей Второй мировой войны, хотя и был создан для замены более совершенный Bu 181. Самолеты обоих типов применялись даже на фронте в частях ночных бомбардировщиков и для борьбы с партизанами. Вооруженные одно- и двухкилограммовыми бомбами самолеты использовались для беспокоящих ночных налетов на советские войска. Большое количество самолетов пережило войну, а в Чехословакии компания "Aero" продолжала в 1950-х годах серийно выпускать Jungmann под обозначением С4.

Варианты

   Bu 131B Jungmann: улучшенный вариант с двигателем Hirth НМ 504A-2
   Bu 131C Jungmann: один опытный образец с мотором Cirrus Minor мощностью 90 л. с. (68 кВт)

ТАКТИКО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ

   Bucker Bu 131B Jungmann

   Тип: двухместный самолет первоначального обучения и легкий ночной бомбардировщик
   Силовая установка: один мотор жидкостного охлаждения с перевернутым блоком цилиндров НМ 504A-2 мощностью 105 л. с. (78 кВт)
   Летные характеристики: максимальная скорость на уровне моря 183 км/ч; крейсерская скорость на оптимальной высоте 170 км/ч; время набора высоты 1000м - 6 мин 18с; практический потолок 3000 м; дальность 650 км
   Масса: пустого 390 кг; максимальная взлетная 680 кг
   Размеры: размах крыла 7,40 м; длина 6,60 м; высота 2,25 м; площадь крыла 13,50 м1
   Вооружение: штатно отсутствует, хотя предусмотрена возможность размещения в задней кабине легких осколочных бомб, в процессе эксплуатации на нижнем крыле установлены держатели для легких бомб

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Flight, May 1936

A CONTINENTAL TRAINER
The Bucker Jungmann Biplane: Lively Performance on 80 h.p.

   REMARKABLE chiefly for its performance on comparatively low power the German Bucker Jungmann (80 h.p. Hirth) has been designed and developed specifically for school and practice flying. Its construction and factors are such that it is equal to advanced aerobatics, and the constructors state that vertical dives of over 2,000 metres and bunts have been made.
   The machine is a two-seater staggered biplane with sweptback wings, which are of wooden construction with spars of double T section. The interplane struts are of steel. Ailerons are provided on all four planes. Welded chrome molybdenum steel construction with fabric covering is employed for the fuselage, while the engine cowling and the top decking round the cockpits are of light metal sheeting. The control surfaces are of welded steel tubular construction and are fabric covered.
   The undercarriage is of the divided type, with low-pressure tyres and wheel brakes. Steering on the ground is possible without using the brakes, as the tail wheel is connected to the rudder bar.
   Landing shocks are absorbed by springs and oleo damping gear, and the tail wheel has similar equipment.
   The engine normally fitted is the 8o h.p. Hirth H.M.60 R. This is an air cooled four-cylinder inverted in-line unit, and it takes its supplies from petrol and oil tanks in the fuselage.
   The makers - who are the Bucker Flugzeugbau G.m.b.H., Rangsdorf bei Berlin - particularly stress the machine's stability and vicelessness under all conditions.

BUCKER JUNGMANN BU.131
Two-seater Training Biplane
Hirth H.M.60 R Engine: 80 h.p.

Dimensions
   Span 24ft. 3in.
   Length 21ft. 10in.
   Height 7ft. 5in.
   Wing area 145 sq. ft.

Weights and Loading
   Weight empty 738 lb.
   Weight loaded 1,320 lb.
   Wing loading 9.1 lb./sq. ft.
   Power loading 16.5 lb./h.p.

Performance
   Maximum speed 105 m.p.h.
   Cruising speed 93 m.p.h.
   Stalling speed 43.5 m.p.h.
   Climb to 9,840ft. 28.8 min.
   Ceiling 13,120ft.
   Range 400 miles.

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Описание:Description:

Bucker Bu 131 Jungmann
Kokusai Ki-86
Flight, November 1934
THE FOURTEENTH PARIS AERO SHOW
Flight, May 1936
A CONTINENTAL TRAINER

Авиация и Время 1995-06 / А.Котлобовский - В тени Люфтваффе (Венгерские ВВС. Октябрь 1944 - май 1945г.) /Аэроархив/ (5)

Учебно-тренировочный Bu 131D одной из авиашкол, лето 1941г.
Aeroplane Monthly 1996-05 / Bucker Jungmann E3B-114/G-BUCC /Preservation Profile/
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BUCC [3]
The colour plate, by RICHARD PAVER, depicts current owner Rick Roberts flying G-BUCC near Chichester, West Sussex, on October 25, 1995.
Aeroplane Monthly 1996-05 / Bucker Jungmann E3B-114/G-BUCC /Preservation Profile/
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BUCC [3]
The aircraft, with all control surfaces installed and fuselage markings applied, around the time of the first engine runs in September 1992. It made its first post-restoration flight the following March.
Aeroplane Monthly 1996-05 / Bucker Jungmann E3B-114/G-BUCC /Preservation Profile/
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BUCC [3]
Jungmann G-BUCC taking shape at previous owner Edward McEntee’s Sussex home on May 4, 1992.
Aeroplane Monthly 1993-03 / M.Oakey - Grapevine
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: SE-XOB
In Sweden, Orvar Bergvall has completed nearly 50hr of flying in his recently-restored and eyecatchingly Spanish-marked Bucker Bu 131 Jungmann SE-XOB, which he acquired from Holland in 1991. Built by CASA in 1954, it flew for 34 years with the Spanish Air Force.
Aeroplane Monthly 1991-01
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BPDM
CASA 1-131 Jungmann G-BPDM, operated in the UK by The Spanish Acquisition (Nobody expects..!). was photographed by GORDON BAIN near Shoreham in mid-1990, with Dougal Mann and Malcolm Blows aboard
Air Enthusiast 2006-07 / F.Willemsen - Iberian Classics /History on the wing/

FIO operates no fewer than four two-seater Bucker 131 Jungmann biplanes, as welt as single Bucker 133 Jungmeister (foreground).

Другие самолёты на фотографии: Another planes on the photo: Bucker Bu.133 Jungmeister - ГерманияGermany - 1935
Aeroplane Monthly 2000-04 / 2000 Airshows & Museums Guide
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BUTA
One of three Jungmanns (actually all CASA 1.131Es) at the Real Aeroplane Museum, Breighton, G-BUTA is in Spanish Air Force colours.
Air Pictorial 1991-10 / M.Gradidge - Gateway to Aviation
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-JUNG
British visitors to Oshkosh are rare, but here CASA 1-131E G-JUNG rests beside its owner's tent near the ultra-light runway, while a Fisher Classic lands over a typical Wisconin barn. The owner is a US resident ex-patriate Briton.

Другие самолёты на фотографии: Another planes on the photo: Fisher (FFP) FP-404 / Classic / Celebrity / Youngster - КанадаCanada - 1984
Aeroplane Monthly 1999-09 / J.Blackman - Anna's Aerobatic Young Man /Airshow performer/
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BSAJ [7]
Although it was underpowered in its original 80 h.p. form, the Jungmann still flew well; an inverted fuel system was fitted as standard.
Aeroplane Monthly 1999-05 / 1999 UK Airshows & Museums Guide
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BSAJ [7]
Anna Walker pulls a neat vertical climb in her Bucker Jungmann, a familiar sight now at airshows around the country.
Мировая Авиация 217
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BSAJ [7]
В соревнованиях по воздушной акробатике Анна Уолкер стала участвовать с 1992 года. На Bucker Jungmann она завоевала множество призов, а также принимала участие в авиашоу в Великобритании и за ее пределами.
Aeroplane Monthly 1999-09 / J.Blackman - Anna's Aerobatic Young Man /Airshow performer/
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BSAJ [7]
Although Anna greatly enjoyed aerobatic competitions, the power-based British intermediate-level sequences put the Jungmann at a disadvantage, so she turned to display flying.
Aeroplane Monthly 1999-09 / J.Blackman - Anna's Aerobatic Young Man /Airshow performer/
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BSAJ [7]
With its 150 h.p. ENMA Tigre G-IV-B, G-BSAJ has an adequate margin of power for aerobatics while retaining the type’s excellent handling qualities.
Aeroplane Monthly 1999-09 / J.Blackman - Anna's Aerobatic Young Man /Airshow performer/
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BSAJ [7]
From all angles, the Jungmann is a classic 1930s design. Anna has made only a few subtle concessions which enhance the aircraft’s performance without compromising its external appearance.
Aeroplane Monthly 1999-09 / J.Blackman - Anna's Aerobatic Young Man /Airshow performer/
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BSAJ [7]
The happy couple. Anna Walker poses with her first love: Bucker Jungmann G-BSAJ.
Aeroplane Monthly 1999-11 / M.Oakey, T.Harmsworth - News
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BUVN
Dutch-based CASA Jungmann G-BUVN in RNethAF marks.
Aeroplane Monthly 1984-02
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BECW
Neil Jensen's CASA 1-131E, G-BECW, ex Spanish Air Force licence-built Bucker Jungmann, photographed near its Redhill base last year. After CASA's initial batch of 150 aircraft the company built a further 50 in 1956. A number of Spanish and Swiss-built Jungmanns are current on the British civil register.
Aeroplane Monthly 1991-09 / M.Oakey - Grapevine
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: HB-UUE
Bucker Bu 131 Jungmann HB-UUE, the only example of the type still wearing its original Swiss Air Force colours and number, A-15. It served in the air force from May 1938 until 1973, and is now flown for the Swiss Antique Aeroplane Association by Ulrich Wenger.
Jane's All the World Aircraft 2000 / 0-01 - FOREWORD
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: SP-FPX
Designed in 1933, the Bücker Bü 131 Jungmann has returned to production in Poland as the Historic Aircraft Service T-131PA - by no means the only vintage flying machine to enjoy unexpected resuscitation at the close of the millennium (1999)
Aeroplane Monthly 1997-06 / M.Oakey - Vintage news
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-EMJA [2]
A tri-national threesome of World War Two trainers took to the skies over Suffolk recently: Stearman PT-17 40-1766 (furthest from the camera), flown by owner and wartime Arnold Training Scheme veteran Ed Boulter with Air UK Fokker F.100 captain Bruce Monk; former Lightning pilot Mark Zipfell flying de Havilland Tiger Moth T7842; and Air UK Fokker F.28 pilot Pete Brand flying Bucker Jungmann G-EMJA.

Другие самолёты на фотографии: Another planes on the photo: De Havilland Tiger Moth / D.H.82 - ВеликобританияUnited Kingdom - 1931 Stearman PT-13 / PT-17 Kaydet / Model 73 (Boeing-Stearman) - СШАUSA - 1934
Aeroplane Monthly 1999-05 / 1999 UK Airshows & Museums Guide
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-EMJA [2]
In the livery worn for the 1936 Olympic Games, Bucker Jungmanns flown by Pete Brand and Chris Beal appear as a team this year with a new formation display for 1999.
Flight 1938-01 / Flight Advertisements
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: D-EBZE
The new Bucker JUNGMANN Bu 131 B, fitted with a 100 h. p. Hirth motor, is used in fourteen countries for military training and stunt flying. High performances and excellent flying capabilities are obtained by the favourable power/weight ratio, so that "ab initio" as well as aerobatic training can be carried out on the Jungmann. No additional teaching is necessary on taking over the single seat fighter after graduating from the training machine.
Jane's All the World Aircraft 1938 / 03 - All the world's aeroplanes
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: D-EPJI
The Bucker "Jungmann" Two-seat Training Biplane (80 h.p. Hirth HM.60R engine).
Flight 1936-05 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: D-EXIR
A small span and ailerons on all four planes give the Bucker Jungmann a good aerobatic performance.
Flight 1936-05 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: D-EGRY
The Bucker Jungmann two-seater trainer, and above it the Rhonsperber sailplane.

Другие самолёты на фотографии: Another planes on the photo: DFS Rhonsperber / Sperber Senior / Sperber Junior - ГерманияGermany - 1935
Flight 1937-01 / Flight Advertisements
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: D-EMJA
Jane's All the World Aircraft 1946 / 03 - All the world's aeroplanes

Three Bucker Jungmann Two-seat Training Biplanes (100 h.p. Hirth engines).
Flight 1936-05 / Flight Advertisements
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: D-EFEI, D-EFOI, D-EGSY
BUCKER JUNGMANN the ideal aircraft for military training, fully licensed for all aerobatics, 80 h.p. engine only, therefore inexpensive in purchase and running.
Flight 1938-02 / Flight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: D-EBYI
SANTA CLAUS’ WORKSHOP: German Bucker Jungmanns, popular for ab initio and aerobatic training, stood on their noses to save hangar space.
Flight 1940-01 / Flight

The view (of a Bucker Jungmann) shows as close a bit of formation flying as we can recall.
Мировая Авиация 80

Bu 131 Jungmann легче всего отличить от более позднего Bu 133 Jungmeister по мотору с перевернутым блоком цилиндров.
Aeroplane Monthly 1997-03 / ??? - Interned! (2)

A visitor to Basle-Birsfelden, on March 5, 1943, was Bu 131A Jungmann CX+HI, Werknummer 314, from A/B Pilots School 23, Kaufbeuren. With a lost cross-country student, it crossed the Swiss border near Rheinfelden and landed with almost empty tanks. Wearing its school emblem on the nose, it had a yellow rudder. Refuelled, it returned to Germany the next day.
Aeroplane Monthly 1997-03 / ??? - Interned! (2)

Smart Bu 131 Jungmann CW+BG, Werknummer 483, landed at Basle-Birsfelden on June 14, 1944, from Twin School A43, Crailsheim. The pilot elected to be interned and his aircraft was flown to Freiburg by a Swiss pilot. The unit crest was a yellow shield with black outline and keys, topped by a silver castle.
In Action 1002 / Luftwaffe in Action 2 (2)

An already famous photo of Fighter Group 54's "hack" aircraft, a Bucker Bu 131 Jungmeister basic trainer, shown here being camouflaged by brush, on the Eastern Front, 1941.
Air Pictorial 1991-10 / Airshow Review

Locally based Bucker Jungmann in 1930s vintage markings.
Aeroplane Monthly 1977-09 / News Spotlight
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BECX
CASA 1.131 Jungmann G-BECX, previously served with the Spanish Air Force as E3B-430. It arrived at Elstree on September 19 last year with four others, and is now the property of Neil Williams. It was photographed recently at Old Warden.
Air Pictorial 1992-02
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BTDT
Tim Reed's CASA 1-31 Jungmann G-BTDT arrived from Dunkeswell in Devon.
Air Pictorial 1977-06
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BEDA
Jungmann G-BEDA at Booker 17/4/77 after its handsome repaint;
Aeroplane Monthly 1982-11 / P.Jarrett - Grapevine
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BUCK
The “Luftwaffe” trainer trio is working up. Left to right, are Jungmeister G-AXIH, Jungmann G-BUCK and Steiglitz G-BAAY

Другие самолёты на фотографии: Another planes on the photo: Bucker Bu.133 Jungmeister - ГерманияGermany - 1935 VL Viima - ФинляндияFinland - 1936
Aeroplane Monthly 1976-11 / B.Martin - Britain's civil aircraft register
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: G-BECT, G-BECU, G-BEDC
Three of the six CASA 1.131s from Spain, G-BECU, G-BECT and G-BEDC, at Elstree on September 26, 1976. Three others crashed.
Jane's All the World Aircraft 1964 / 01 - Aircraft

CASA-1.131E, a licence-built version of the Bucker Bu 131 Jungmann trainer
Aeroplane Monthly 1979-05

Casa 1-131E (Bucker Bu 131) of 781 Esquadron, Spanish Air Force, piloted by Capt Torrente. Photographed on June 14, 1978, by "Canario" Azaola.
Aeroplane Monthly 1979-01

The Spanish-built Jungmann owned and flown by Neil Jensen, photographed near Redhill by Bill
Aeroplane Monthly 1988-01 / M.Oakey - Grapevine
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: OK-RXE
The Czech licence-built Bucker Jungmann below was restored during 1984-86 by a group of enthusiasts at Moravska Trebova near Brno in Czechoslovakia. Powered by a Walter Minor 4-III, red, white and blue OK-RXE is a regular airshow performer.
Jane's All the World Aircraft 1938 / 03 - All the world's aeroplanes
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: OK-TAB
The Tatra T.131 Two-seat Training Biplane (90 h.p. Tatra engine).
Air Pictorial 1957-03 / Air Pictorial's photo-review
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: HB-OSE
Swiss Dornier-built Bucker Bu 131B (c/n. 7) two-seater of the Aero-Club Suisse. Note Swiss national markings on rudders.
Flight 1937-09 / Flight

MODERN AIRPORT: A view of the terminal building - reminiscent in general appearance of that at the unlucky Gatwick - of the new Budapest Airport taken on the day before the official opening, with M. Budaor's Bucker Jungmann in the foreground. The building must be one of the most beautifully arranged and decorated at any airport in the world.
Мировая Авиация 166

Kokusai Ki-86, аналог Bucker Bu 131, эксплуатировался с 1944 года в качестве стандартного самолета первоначального обучения.
Kokusai Type 4 Primary Trainer (Ki.86 "Cypress").
Авиация и Время 2012-04 / А.Котлобовский, И.Сеидов - Затупившиеся мечи самураев (4)

Камикадзе иногда использовали учебные самолеты Ки-86
Авиация и Время 1995-06 / А.Котлобовский - В тени Люфтваффе (Венгерские ВВС. Октябрь 1944 - май 1945г.) /Аэроархив/ (5)

Связные Bu-131 садились прямо на улицы осажденного Будапешта. Январь 1945г.
Jane's All the World Aircraft 1974 / 01 - Aircraft
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: HB-UUI
Bucker Bu 131A refitted by Ateliers de Precision Morand with a 150 hp Lycoming IO-320-E2A engine
Jane's All the World Aircraft 1976 / 01 - Aircraft

Four Bucker Bu 131A Jungmann biplanes fitted by Morand with 150 hp Lycoming engines
Jane's All the World Aircraft 1966 / 02 - Aircraft
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: HB-UTD
Bucker Bu 131 re-engined with a 180 hp Lycoming engine by the FFA
Jane's All the World Aircraft 1964 / 01 - Aircraft

Bucker Bu 131 re-engined with a 170 hp Lycoming engine by the FFA
Aeroplane Monthly 1983-05
Регистрационный номерRegistry number: N707S
Mira Slovak's Avia-built Bucker Jungmann, N707S, flying in the USA in the Seventies.
Flight 1937-08 / Flight

In the foreground of this general view are the Bucker and Klemm exhibits. The Fokker C11W seaplane is in the distance.

Другие самолёты на фотографии: Another planes on the photo: Fokker C.XI-W - НидерландыNetherlands - 1935 Klemm Kl.35 / Kl.106 - ГерманияGermany - 1935
Flight 1937-01 / Flight Advertisements
Flight 1940-01 / Flight

An exhilarating aerobatic impression secured from the back cockpit of a Bucker Jungmann two-seater trainer of the type which is so popular in Germany.
Aeroplane Monthly 1978-01 / Personal album

This CASA 1.131 (licence-built Bucker Bu 131) ended up like this when its pilot attempted a half-loop with insufficient height.

ФотографииPhotos

Фотографии Photos